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Safety Analysis of Young Pedestrian Behavior at Signalized Intersections: An Eye-Tracking Study

Author

Listed:
  • Chiara Gruden

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

  • Irena Ištoka Otković

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Matjaž Šraml

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia)

Abstract

Smartphones have become an integral part of our everyday lives and keep us busy while doing other primary activities such as driving, cycling or walking in traffic. The problem of digital distraction among drivers has been largely addressed, and interest is growing also on vulnerable road users as well. In fact, high percentages of pedestrians and cyclists are accustomed to checking their devices while moving in traffic. This research links to the presented theme and aims to investigate the extent to which digital distraction in the form of social media app checking influences pedestrian behavior. The focus of the study is specifically on signalized intersections. An outdoor, eye-tracking experiment was conducted on a specific route consisting of various elements typical of urban areas. Participants were asked to walk the predefined route twice, encountering three signalized intersections: the first time they were asked to walk with their smartphone in hand, the second time without. The recordings of each participant’s route were then analyzed, examining reaction time, crossing time and speed, fixations and gaze paths. The results show a clear impact of digital devices on pedestrians’ attention by increasing their reaction and crossing times and decreasing crossing speeds. In addition, the analysis of fixations found that 82.54% of the time was devoted to the smartphone, while interest in other street elements decreased from 16.64% to 4.03%.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiara Gruden & Irena Ištoka Otković & Matjaž Šraml, 2021. "Safety Analysis of Young Pedestrian Behavior at Signalized Intersections: An Eye-Tracking Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4419-:d:536831
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Irena Ištoka Otković & Aleksandra Deluka-Tibljaš & Sanja Šurdonja & Tiziana Campisi, 2021. "Development of Models for Children—Pedestrian Crossing Speed at Signalized Crosswalks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-18, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fu Guo & Wei Lyu & Zenggen Ren & Mingming Li & Ziming Liu, 2022. "A Video-Based, Eye-Tracking Study to Investigate the Effect of eHMI Modalities and Locations on Pedestrian–Automated Vehicle Interaction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Chiara Gruden & Irena Ištoka Otković & Matjaž Šraml, 2022. "An Eye-Tracking Study on the Effect of Different Signalized Intersection Typologies on Pedestrian Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.

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