IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i23p15966-d988788.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Seismotectonics of Shallow-Focus Earthquakes in Venezuela with Links to Gravity Anomalies and Geologic Heterogeneity Mapped by a GMT Scripting Language

Author

Listed:
  • Polina Lemenkova

    (Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis (LISA), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles (Brussels Faculty of Engineering), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Building L, Campus de Solbosch, ULB—LISA CP165/57, Avenue Franklin D. Roosevelt 50, 1000 Brussels, Belgium)

  • Olivier Debeir

    (Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis (LISA), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles (Brussels Faculty of Engineering), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Building L, Campus de Solbosch, ULB—LISA CP165/57, Avenue Franklin D. Roosevelt 50, 1000 Brussels, Belgium)

Abstract

This paper presents a cartographic framework based on algorithms of GMT codes for mapping seismically active areas in Venezuela. The data included raster grids from GEBCO, EGM-2008, and vector geological layers from the USGS. The data were iteratively processed in the console of GMT, converted by GDAL, formatted, and mapped for geophysical data visualisation; the QGIS was applied for geological mapping. We analyzed 2000 samples of the earthquake events obtained from the IRIS seismic database with a 25-year time span (1997–2021) in order to map the seismicity. The approach to linking geological, topographic, and geophysical data using GMT scripts aimed to map correlations among the geophysical phenomena, tectonic processes, geological setting, seismicity, and earthquakes. The practical application of the GMT scripts consists in automated mapping for the visualization of geological risks and hazards in the mountainous region of the Venezuelan Andes. The proposed method integrates the approach of GMT scripts with state-of-the-art GIS techniques, which demonstrated its effectiveness as a tool for mapping spatial datasets and rapid data processing in an iterative regime. In this context, using GMT and GIS to find similarities between the regional earthquake distribution and the geological and topographic setting is essential for hazard risk assessment. This study can serve as a basis for predictive seismic analysis in geologically vulnerable regions of Venezuela. In addition to a technical demonstration of GMT algorithms, this study also contributes to geological and geophysical mapping and seismic hazard assessments in South America. We present the full scripts used for mapping in a GitHub repository.

Suggested Citation

  • Polina Lemenkova & Olivier Debeir, 2022. "Seismotectonics of Shallow-Focus Earthquakes in Venezuela with Links to Gravity Anomalies and Geologic Heterogeneity Mapped by a GMT Scripting Language," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:23:p:15966-:d:988788
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/23/15966/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/23/15966/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. A. Castillo & F. López-Almansa & L. Pujades, 2011. "Seismic risk analysis of urban non-engineered buildings: application to an informal settlement in Mérida, Venezuela," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 59(2), pages 891-916, November.
    2. Bismark Adu-Gyamfi & Rajib Shaw, 2022. "Risk Awareness and Impediments to Disaster Preparedness of Foreign Residents in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Kwag, Shinyoung & Choi, Eujeong & Eem, Seunghyun & Ha, Jeong-Gon & Hahm, Daegi, 2021. "Toward improvement of sampling-based seismic probabilistic safety assessment method for nuclear facilities using composite distribution and adaptive discretization," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    4. Hai-Min Lyu & Jack Shuilong Shen & Arul Arulrajah, 2018. "Assessment of Geohazards and Preventative Countermeasures Using AHP Incorporated with GIS in Lanzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-21, January.
    5. Polina Lemenkova, 2022. "Handling Dataset with Geophysical and Geological Variables on the Bolivian Andes by the GMT Scripts," Data, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-18, June.
    6. Xiang Zheng & Chuyao Feng & Mikio Ishiwatari, 2022. "Examining the Indirect Death Surveillance System of The Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-15, September.
    7. Efthimios Karymbalis & Maria Andreou & Dimitrios-Vasileios Batzakis & Konstantinos Tsanakas & Sotirios Karalis, 2021. "Integration of GIS-Based Multicriteria Decision Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process for Flood-Hazard Assessment in the Megalo Rema River Catchment (East Attica, Greece)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-25, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Polina Lemenkova & Olivier Debeir, 2023. "Quantitative Morphometric 3D Terrain Analysis of Japan Using Scripts of GMT and R," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-29, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xi-Cun He & Tian-Liang Yang & Shui-Long Shen & Ye-Shuang Xu & Arul Arulrajah, 2019. "Land Subsidence Control Zone and Policy for the Environmental Protection of Shanghai," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Hai-Min Lyu & Ye-Shuang Xu & Wen-Chieh Cheng & Arul Arulrajah, 2018. "Flooding Hazards across Southern China and Prospective Sustainability Measures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-18, May.
    3. Mikio Ishiwatari & Daisuke Sasaki, 2023. "Special Issue “Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation: An Interdisciplinary Approach”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-4, February.
    4. Shakti P. C. & Kohin Hirano & Koyuru Iwanami, 2023. "Developing Flood Risk Zones during an Extreme Rain Event from the Perspective of Social Insurance Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-21, March.
    5. Yudi Zhang & Lei He, 2022. "Research on the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Community Residents’ Night Evacuation Behavior Based on Structural Equation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-21, October.
    6. Jaejoon Lee & Hyunji Lee & Hongsik Yun & Chol Kang & Moonsoo Song, 2021. "Improved Vulnerability Assessment Table for Retaining Walls and Embankments from a Working-Level Perspective in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-24, January.
    7. Hossein Yousefi & Zahra Javadzadeh & Younes Noorollahi & Amin Yousefi-Sahzabi, 2018. "Landfill Site Selection Using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method: A Case Study of the Salafcheghan Special Economic Zone, Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-16, April.
    8. Polina Lemenkova & Olivier Debeir, 2022. "R Libraries for Remote Sensing Data Classification by k-means Clustering and NDVI Computation in Congo River Basin, DRC," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/352357, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    9. Kai Ke & Yichen Zhang & Jiquan Zhang & Yanan Chen & Chenyang Wu & Zuoquan Nie & Junnan Wu, 2023. "Risk Assessment of Earthquake–Landslide Hazard Chain Based on CF-SVM and Newmark Model—Using Changbai Mountain as an Example," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-20, March.
    10. Ogrodnik, Karolina & Kolendo, Łukasz, 2021. "Application of gis technology and AHP to determine the areas with fully developed, compact functional and spatial structure: A case study of Bialystok, Poland," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    11. Salvador García-Ayllón, 2018. "GIS Assessment of Mass Tourism Anthropization in Sensitive Coastal Environments: Application to a Case Study in the Mar Menor Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-17, April.
    12. Huan Lin & Xiaolei Deng & Jianping Yu & Xiaoliang Jiang & Dongsong Zhang, 2023. "A Study of Sustainable Product Design Evaluation Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Deep Residual Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-22, October.
    13. Fan Yang & Suwen Xiong & Jiangang Ou & Ziyu Zhao & Ting Lei, 2022. "Human Settlement Resilience Zoning and Optimizing Strategies for River-Network Cities under Flood Risk Management Objectives: Taking Yueyang City as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-22, August.
    14. Hai-Min Lyu & Wen-Chieh Cheng & Jack Shuilong Shen & Arul Arulrajah, 2018. "Investigation of Collapsed Building Incidents on Soft Marine Deposit: Both from Social and Technical Perspectives," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-12, February.
    15. Vladimír Baláž & Dušana Dokupilová & Richard Filčák, 2021. "Participatory multi-criteria methods for adaptation to climate change," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 26(4), pages 1-22, April.
    16. Domeh, Vindex & Obeng, Francis & Khan, Faisal & Bose, Neil & Sanli, Elizabeth, 2023. "An operational risk awareness tool for small fishing vessels operating in harsh environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    17. Suraj Lamichhane & Komal Raj Aryal & Rocky Talchabhadel & Bhesh Raj Thapa & Rabindra Adhikari & Anoj Khanal & Vishnu Prasad Pandey & Dipendra Gautam, 2021. "Assessing the Prospects of Transboundary Multihazard Dynamics: The Case of Bhotekoshi–Sunkoshi Watershed in Sino–Nepal Border Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-29, March.
    18. Polina Lemenkova & Olivier Debeir, 2023. "Quantitative Morphometric 3D Terrain Analysis of Japan Using Scripts of GMT and R," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-29, January.
    19. Iban, Muzaffer Can, 2020. "Lessons from approaches to informal housing and non-compliant development in Turkey: An in-depth policy analysis with a historical framework," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    20. Linpei Zhai & Jae Eun Lee, 2023. "Analyzing the Disaster Preparedness Capability of Local Government Using AHP: Zhengzhou 7.20 Rainstorm Disaster," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-17, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:23:p:15966-:d:988788. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.