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Sustainable Higher Education Reform Quality Assessment Using SWOT Analysis with Integration of AHP and Entropy Models: A Case Study of Morocco

Author

Listed:
  • Asma Fahim

    (College of Economics & Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China)

  • Qingmei Tan

    (College of Economics & Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China)

  • Bushra Naz

    (Department of Computer Systems Engineering, Mehran University of engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh 76062, Pakistan)

  • Qurat ul Ain

    (Amazon Corporate Headquarters, Seattle, WA 98109, USA)

  • Sibghat Ullah Bazai

    (Department of Computer Engineering, BUITEMS Quetta, Balochistan 87300, Pakistan)

Abstract

Sustainable development goals (SDG) involve not only environmental issues but also economic, social, and cultural concerns. Higher education plays a key role in promoting sustainable development initiatives and in empowering people to change their thinking and to strive for a sustainable future. However, the main issue that needs to be presently resolved is how leaders, teachers, and students in higher education can achieve sustainable development in their system vision, mission and values, strategic plans, and organizational culture. Morocco is a country with a long history of higher education and has continuous reforms for sustainable development. In the process of responding to the wave of globalization, the Moroccan government has begun to formulate a higher education reform plan to maintain its competitiveness and achieve the SDG standards. Therefore, this study is focused on the quality of the higher education system through which the sustainability of higher education reform can be implemented. With this in mind, an organized approach that involved a questionnaire using the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) decision-making model with integration of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Entropy method was developed. The questionnaires were filled out by the experts, staff, and students of the higher education system (universities) to obtain the important key factors for the SWOT analysis. The AHP was used for the qualitative analysis of the weights of the SWOT factors, while the Entropy method was applied for the objective analysis of the number of different weight attributes. After integration of AHP with Entropy, the finalized variables were ranked; these results are more reliable and realistic to decision-makers. Finally, the SWOT matrix was established based on the questionnaire assessment and the AHP with Entropy weights to help implement the higher education reform policy and to monitor the quality of the current education system. The results also indicate that higher education reform must incorporate many changes, including effective budget planning, skilled experts, internationalization, improved and expanded infrastructure, reformed study curriculum, and latest training.

Suggested Citation

  • Asma Fahim & Qingmei Tan & Bushra Naz & Qurat ul Ain & Sibghat Ullah Bazai, 2021. "Sustainable Higher Education Reform Quality Assessment Using SWOT Analysis with Integration of AHP and Entropy Models: A Case Study of Morocco," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:4312-:d:535092
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Zhaorui Wang & Zuwang Chu, 2023. "Examination of Higher Education Teachers’ Self-Perception of Digital Competence, Self-Efficacy, and Facilitating Conditions: An Empirical Study in the Context of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-22, July.
    3. Jasmina Saric & Fabian Käser & Jon-Andri Lys & Jürg Utzinger & Thomas Breu, 2021. "Synergising Research and Service Activities at Swiss Research Institutions to Accelerate Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, August.
    4. Yongli Wang & Xiangyi Zhou & Hao Liu & Xichang Chen & Zixin Yan & Dexin Li & Chang Liu & Jiarui Wang, 2023. "Evaluation of the Maturity of Urban Energy Internet Development Based on AHP-Entropy Weight Method and Improved TOPSIS," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-18, July.

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