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Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Ferhat Kizilgeci

    (Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kiziltepe Vocational School, Mardin Artuklu University, 47060 Mardin, Turkey)

  • Mehmet Yildirim

    (Department of Field Crop, Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey)

  • Mohammad Sohidul Islam

    (Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinjapur 5200, Bangladesh)

  • Disna Ratnasekera

    (Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka)

  • Muhammad Aamir Iqbal

    (Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan)

  • Ayman EL Sabagh

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, 56001 Siirt, Turkey
    Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt)

Abstract

To impart sustainability to modern intensive farming systems, environmental pollution caused by nitrogenous fertilizers in needs to be reduced by optimizing their doses. To estimate the grain yield and nutrtional quallity of wheat, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll content (SPAD) are potential screening tools to identify the N deficiency and screen out the promising cultivars. The two-year field study was comprised with five levels of nitrogen (N) (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha −1 ) and two durum wheat genotypes (Sena and Svevo). The experimental design was split-plot, in which N levels were placed in the main plots, while wheat genotypes were arranged in sub-plots. To predict the yield and quality traits, the NDVI and SPAD values recorded at heading, anthesis and milky growth stages were taken as response variables. The results revealed that N fertilization significantly influenced the SPAD and NDVI attributed traits of durum wheat, except NDVI at milky stage (NDVI-M) during the first year. The maximum value of NDVI was recorded by 150 kg N ha −1 , while control treatment gave the minimum value. The grain yield was increased with the increasing dose of the N up to 100 kg N ha −1 (4121 kg ha −1 ), and thereafter, it was declined with further increased of N levels. However, the variation between the genotypes was not significant, except NDVI and SPAD values at the milky stage. The genotype Svevo had the highest NDVI values at all growth stages, while the genotype Sena recorded the maximum SPAD values during both years. Similarly, the N levels significantly influenced the quality traits (protein, wet gluten, starch test weight and Zeleny sedimentation) of both genotypes. The highly significant relationship of SPAD and NDVI with the grain yield and yield attributes showed their reliability as indicators for determining the N deficiency and selection of superior wheat genotypes for ensuring food security under climate change scenario.

Suggested Citation

  • Ferhat Kizilgeci & Mehmet Yildirim & Mohammad Sohidul Islam & Disna Ratnasekera & Muhammad Aamir Iqbal & Ayman EL Sabagh, 2021. "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:7:p:3725-:d:524953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gilland, Bernard, 2002. "World population and food supply: can food production keep pace with population growth in the next half-century?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 47-63, February.
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    1. Federico Calcagno & Elio Romano & Nicola Furnitto & Arman Jamali & Sabina Failla, 2022. "Remote Sensing Monitoring of Durum Wheat under No Tillage Practices by Means of Spectral Indices Interpretation: A Preliminary Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Gulen Ozyazici & Nizamettin Turan, 2021. "Effect of Vermicompost Application on Mineral Nutrient Composition of Grains of Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum M.)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-9, May.
    3. Francisco Javier Fernández-Alonso & Zulimar Hernández & Vicente Torres-Costa, 2023. "A Cost-Effective Portable Multiband Spectrophotometer for Precision Agriculture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, July.
    4. József Csajbók & Erika Buday-Bódi & Attila Nagy & Zsolt Zoltán Fehér & András Tamás & István Csaba Virág & Csaba Bojtor & Fanni Forgács & Attila Miklós Vad & Erika Kutasy, 2022. "Multispectral Analysis of Small Plots Based on Field and Remote Sensing Surveys—A Comparative Evaluation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    5. Hanuman Prasad Verma & Om Prakash Sharma & Amar Chand Shivran & Lala Ram Yadav & Rajendra Kumar Yadav & Malu Ram Yadav & Satya Narayan Meena & Hanuman Singh Jatav & Milan Kumar Lal & Vishnu D. Rajput , 2023. "Effect of Irrigation Schedule and Organic Fertilizer on Wheat Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Moisture in Northwest India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-14, June.

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