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Effect of Irrigation Schedule and Organic Fertilizer on Wheat Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Moisture in Northwest India

Author

Listed:
  • Hanuman Prasad Verma

    (College of Agriculture, Hindoli-Bundi, Agriculture University, Kota 324001, Rajasthan, India)

  • Om Prakash Sharma

    (Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India)

  • Amar Chand Shivran

    (Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India)

  • Lala Ram Yadav

    (Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India)

  • Rajendra Kumar Yadav

    (Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Kota 324001, Rajasthan, India)

  • Malu Ram Yadav

    (Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India)

  • Satya Narayan Meena

    (Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Kota 324001, Rajasthan, India)

  • Hanuman Singh Jatav

    (Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jaipur 303329, Rajasthan, India)

  • Milan Kumar Lal

    (ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla-17100, Himachal Pradesh, India)

  • Vishnu D. Rajput

    (Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia)

  • Tatiana Minkina

    (Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia)

Abstract

Indiscriminate and injudicious application of inorganic fertilizers and irrigation, respectively, cause declines in crop productivity as well as environmental pollution. Therefore, judicious use of organic manures and proper scheduling of irrigation are required for sustainable production of wheat crops. A two-year (2014–2015 and 2015–2016) study was conducted to determine the wheat nutrient uptake, soil moisture, and grain yield as a result of organic manures and irrigation schedule. The experiment was set up with four treatments of organic manure in four subplots with repellents and five irrigation planning treatments in the main plot. The results showed that an irrigation/water ratio of 0.9 irrigation water depth/cumulative pan evaporation (I 2 ) increased grain yield, soil moisture content, and nutrient uptake of wheat (I 3 ) compared to 0.6 IW/CPE during the vegetative period and 0.8 IW/CPE during the reproductive period. According to statistics, it was found that the vegetative period is maintained at 0.8 IW/CPE, and the reproductive period is maintained at 1.0 IW/CPE (I 5 ). Applying 7.5 Mg ha −1 of farmyard manure (FYM) plus 3 Mg ha −1 of vermicompost while employing organic manure increases grain output, soil moisture content, and nutrient content and absorption compared to the control treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that irrigation either at I 2 or I 5 + FYM at 7.5 Mg ha −1 + vermicompost at 3 Mg ha −1 could be recommended for enhancing grain of wheat cultivation, particularly in the semiarid regions of northwestern India.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanuman Prasad Verma & Om Prakash Sharma & Amar Chand Shivran & Lala Ram Yadav & Rajendra Kumar Yadav & Malu Ram Yadav & Satya Narayan Meena & Hanuman Singh Jatav & Milan Kumar Lal & Vishnu D. Rajput , 2023. "Effect of Irrigation Schedule and Organic Fertilizer on Wheat Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Moisture in Northwest India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:13:p:10204-:d:1180763
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Deng, Xi-Ping & Shan, Lun & Zhang, Heping & Turner, Neil C., 2006. "Improving agricultural water use efficiency in arid and semiarid areas of China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 80(1-3), pages 23-40, February.
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    4. Ferhat Kizilgeci & Mehmet Yildirim & Mohammad Sohidul Islam & Disna Ratnasekera & Muhammad Aamir Iqbal & Ayman EL Sabagh, 2021. "Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-11, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hamani, Abdoul Kader Mounkaila & Abubakar, Sunusi Amin & Si, Zhuanyun & Kama, Rakhwe & Gao, Yang & Duan, Aiwang, 2023. "Responses of grain yield and water-nitrogen dynamic of drip-irrigated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to different nitrogen fertigation and water regimes in the North China Plain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    2. Pavel Dmitriyev & Alexander Bykov & Ivan Zuban & Ivan Fomin & Saltanat Ismagulova & Kirill Ostrovnoy & Inna Jemaledinova, 2024. "The Possibility of Environmentally Sustainable Yield and Quality Management of Spring Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) of the Cornetto Variety When Using Sapropel Extract," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-17, November.

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