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Der Flächenrucksack des europäischen Außenhandels mit Agrarprodukten

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  • Steger, Sören

Abstract

Dieses Diskussionspapier präsentiert eine Abschätzung des europäischen Flächenrucksacks im Handel mit landwirtschaftlichen Gütern (einschl. Erosionswirkungen der Agrarrohstoffe). Uns interessiert vor allem die Flächenbelegung durch Agrarimporte der EU, differenziert nach verschiedenen Regionen und Einkommens- bzw. Verschuldungsklassifikationen, sowie im Vergleich mit der globalen Flächenbelegung. Insbesondere soll geklärt werden, ob die europäischen Konsummuster zu einer nennenswerten Flächenbelegung im Ausland führen und sich über die Importe und Exporte von Agrarrohstoffen und -produkten ein globaler Flächenverbrauch ergibt, der die innereuropäische Flächenverfügbarkeit übersteigt. Für diese Arbeit wurde der Handel mit 47 Agrarrohstoffen und 102 verarbeiteten landwirtschaftlichen Produkten für den Zeitraum 1990?2000 ausgewertet. Als Ergebnis lässt sich festhalten, dass die EU15 im gesamten Betrachtungszeitraum einen deutlichen Importüberschuss im Handel mit Agrargütern erzielte, der sich in einem Nettoflächensaldo (dem Flächenrucksack) von 25 bis 33 Mill. ha pro Jahr niederschlug. Der EU15-Flächenverbrauch pro Kopf für landwirtschaftliche Zwecke erhöhte sich dadurch um durchschnittlich 0,07 ha und war damit rund 20% höher als die in der EU15 zur Verfügung stehenden landwirtschaftlichen Flächen (0,37ha). Der negative Außenhandelssaldo und der damit verbundene Flächenrucksack lassen sich eindeutig auf den Import von Futtermitteln aus Süd- und Nordamerika zurückführen. Wird aus dem europäischen Agrarhandel der Handel mit Soja und deren Abfallprodukten herausgerechnet, wandelt sich der Importüberschuss in ein Defizit und der Flächenrucksack reduziert sich entscheidend.

Suggested Citation

  • Steger, Sören, 2005. "Der Flächenrucksack des europäischen Außenhandels mit Agrarprodukten," Wuppertal Papers 152, Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wuppap:152
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    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/21839/3/WP152.pdf
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    1. Schütz, Helmut & Moll, Stephan & Bringezu, Stefan, 2003. "Globalisierung und die Verlagerung von Umweltbelastungen: Die Stoffströme des Handels der Europäischen Union," Wuppertal Papers 134, Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy.
    2. Govereh, Jones & Jayne, T. S., 2003. "Cash cropping and food crop productivity: synergies or trade-offs?," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 39-50, January.
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