IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i5p2877-d512210.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Changing Effect of Urban Form on the Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Surface Urban Heat Island Intensities (SUHIIs) in More Than 3000 Cities in China

Author

Listed:
  • Lin Ma

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Yueyao Wang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Ze Liang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Jiaqi Ding

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Jiashu Shen

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Feili Wei

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Shuangcheng Li

    (College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

Abstract

Based on the indicators of more than 3000 cities in China, this study shows that the relationship between the urban form and surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) demonstrates seasonal and diurnal variations, and also changes along urban development and elevation gradients. SUHIIs show seasonal and diurnal change patterns along urban development and elevation gradients, but there is no obvious change trend along temperature and humidity gradients. Among them, the seasonal variation of the SUHII went up about 0.4 ℃ from the first level of urban development to the highest level, while the diurnal variation of the SUHII decreased by 0.4 °C. With urban development, the correlations between the anthropogenic heat flux (AHF), population density (POPDEN) and morphological continuity (CONTIG) with the SUHII of summer days, summer nights and winter nights continued to be enhanced, with the correlation coefficients (β) increased by about 0.3. The effect of area size (AREA) became more influential on the SUHII of summer days and nights, but its effect on the SUHII of winter nights increased first and then decreased along the urban development gradient. With the increase of elevation, the correlations of the AHF, POPDEN, AREA, CONTIG and summer day and night SUHII were gradually reduced (β decreased by about 0.4), but their impact on the SUHII of winter nights was gradually enhanced (β increased by about 0.2 to 0.3). Along temperature and humidity gradients, the positive effect of POPDEN on the summer SUHII decreased gradually (β decreased by about 0.3). However, the enhancement effects of the AHF, AREA, CONTIG and POPDEN on the SUHII of winter nights increased generally (β increased by about 0.2). According to the Random Forest model, for the SUHIIs at night, the relative importance (RI) of urban form factors was greater, while for the SUHIIs of daytime, the RIs of natural factors were greater. The contribution of the urban form to the seasonal variation of the SUHII is similar to that of natural factors, but their contribution to diurnal variation is lower. Our results suggest that it is more necessary to control the urban scale, avoid excessive urban agglomeration and reasonably control the anthropogenic heat emission in more developed and low altitude cities to reduce their summer heat exposure.

Suggested Citation

  • Lin Ma & Yueyao Wang & Ze Liang & Jiaqi Ding & Jiashu Shen & Feili Wei & Shuangcheng Li, 2021. "Changing Effect of Urban Form on the Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Surface Urban Heat Island Intensities (SUHIIs) in More Than 3000 Cities in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:5:p:2877-:d:512210
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/5/2877/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/5/2877/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Reid Ewing & Fang Rong, 2008. "The impact of urban form on U.S. residential energy use," Housing Policy Debate, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 1-30, January.
    2. Tilottama Ghosh & Sharolyn J. Anderson & Christopher D. Elvidge & Paul C. Sutton, 2013. "Using Nighttime Satellite Imagery as a Proxy Measure of Human Well-Being," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-32, November.
    3. repec:asg:wpaper:1050 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Fang, Chuanglin & Wang, Shaojian & Li, Guangdong, 2015. "Changing urban forms and carbon dioxide emissions in China: A case study of 30 provincial capital cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 519-531.
    5. Lei Zhao & Xuhui Lee & Ronald B. Smith & Keith Oleson, 2014. "Strong contributions of local background climate to urban heat islands," Nature, Nature, vol. 511(7508), pages 216-219, July.
    6. Lara Engelfriet & Eric Koomen, 2018. "The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(5), pages 1269-1295, September.
    7. Gabriel Ahlfeldt & Elisabetta Pietrostefani & Abel Schumann & Tadashi Matsumoto, 2018. "Demystifying compact urban growth: Evidence from 300 studies from across the world," OECD Regional Development Working Papers 2018/03, OECD Publishing.
    8. Keola, Souknilanh & Andersson, Magnus & Hall, Ola, 2015. "Monitoring Economic Development from Space: Using Nighttime Light and Land Cover Data to Measure Economic Growth," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 322-334.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Taehyun Kim & Youngre Noh, 2024. "Planning factors affecting carbon footprints of residents: Density, land use, and suburbanization," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 51(1), pages 157-173, January.
    2. He, Bao-Jie & Wang, Junsong & Zhu, Jin & Qi, Jinda, 2022. "Beating the urban heat: Situation, background, impacts and the way forward in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ze Liang & Yueyao Wang & Jiao Huang & Feili Wei & Shuyao Wu & Jiashu Shen & Fuyue Sun & Shuangcheng Li, 2020. "Seasonal and Diurnal Variations in the Relationships between Urban Form and the Urban Heat Island Effect," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Yuxin Liu & Chenjing Fan & Dongdong Xue, 2024. "A Review of the Effects of Urban and Green Space Forms on the Carbon Budget Using a Landscape Sustainability Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-29, February.
    3. Zhonghua Cheng & Xiaowen Hu, 2023. "The effects of urbanization and urban sprawl on CO2 emissions in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 1792-1808, February.
    4. Liu, Xingjian & Wang, Mingshu & Qiang, Wei & Wu, Kang & Wang, Xiaomi, 2020. "Urban form, shrinking cities, and residential carbon emissions: Evidence from Chinese city-regions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    5. Silva, Mafalda C. & Horta, Isabel M. & Leal, Vítor & Oliveira, Vítor, 2017. "A spatially-explicit methodological framework based on neural networks to assess the effect of urban form on energy demand," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 386-398.
    6. Jasiński, Tomasz, 2019. "Modeling electricity consumption using nighttime light images and artificial neural networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 831-842.
    7. Lv, Zhuoran & Guo, Huadong & Zhang, Lu & Liang, Dong & Zhu, Qi & Liu, Xuting & Zhou, Heng & Liu, Yiming & Gou, Yiting & Dou, Xinyu & Chen, Guoqiang, 2024. "Urban public lighting classification method and analysis of energy and environmental effects based on SDGSAT-1 glimmer imager data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    8. Soares, N. & Martins, A.G. & Carvalho, A.L. & Caldeira, C. & Du, C. & Castanheira, É. & Rodrigues, E. & Oliveira, G. & Pereira, G.I. & Bastos, J. & Ferreira, J.P. & Ribeiro, L.A. & Figueiredo, N.C. & , 2018. "The challenging paradigm of interrelated energy systems towards a more sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 171-193.
    9. Wei Xiao & Wenhua Liu & Chunzhi Li, 2022. "Can the urban spatial structure accelerate urban employment growth? Evidence from China," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(4), pages 1668-1693, December.
    10. Kiyoyasu Tanaka & Souknilanh Keola, 2017. "Shedding Light on the Shadow Economy: A Nighttime Light Approach," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(1), pages 32-48, January.
    11. Changlong Sun & Yongli Zhang & Wenwen Ma & Rong Wu & Shaojian Wang, 2022. "The Impacts of Urban Form on Carbon Emissions: A Comprehensive Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, August.
    12. Sheng Zheng & Yukuan Huang & Yu Sun, 2022. "Effects of Urban Form on Carbon Emissions in China: Implications for Low-Carbon Urban Planning," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, August.
    13. Proque, Andressa Lemes & dos Santos, Gervásio Ferreira & Betarelli Junior, Admir Antonio & Larson, William D., 2020. "Effects of land use and transportation policies on the spatial distribution of urban energy consumption in Brazil," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    14. Hongjiang Liu & Fengying Yan & Hua Tian, 2020. "A Vector Map of Carbon Emission Based on Point-Line-Area Carbon Emission Classified Allocation Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-21, December.
    15. Sina Narimani Abar & Martin Schulwitz & Martin Faulstich, 2023. "The Impact of Urban Form and Density on Residential Energy Use: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-22, November.
    16. Xu, Chao & Haase, Dagmar & Su, Meirong & Yang, Zhifeng, 2019. "The impact of urban compactness on energy-related greenhouse gas emissions across EU member states: Population density vs physical compactness," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    17. Thomas W. Crawford, 2020. "Urban Form as a Technological Driver of Carbon Dioxide Emission: A Structural Human Ecology Analysis of Onroad and Residential Sectors in the Conterminous U.S," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-20, September.
    18. Eric Gaisie, 2017. "Living standards in pre-independent Ghana: evidence from household budgets," HHB Working Papers Series 7, The Historical Household Budgets Project.
    19. Schlör, Holger & Venghaus, Sandra & Hake, Jürgen-Friedrich, 2018. "The FEW-Nexus city index – Measuring urban resilience," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 382-392.
    20. Bing Li & Zhifeng Liu & Ying Nan & Shengnan Li & Yanmin Yang, 2018. "Comparative Analysis of Urban Heat Island Intensities in Chinese, Russian, and DPRK Regions across the Transnational Urban Agglomeration of the Tumen River in Northeast Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-16, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:5:p:2877-:d:512210. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.