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Fractionation of Cynara cardunculus L. by Acidified Organosolv Treatment for the Extraction of Highly Digestible Cellulose and Technical Lignin

Author

Listed:
  • Tommaso Giannoni

    (CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Mattia Gelosia

    (CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Alessandro Bertini

    (CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Giacomo Fabbrizi

    (CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Andrea Nicolini

    (CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Valentina Coccia

    (CIRIAF—Biomass Research Centre, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 63, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Paola Iodice

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy)

  • Gianluca Cavalaglio

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

One of the primary targets for the new lignocellulosic feedstock-based biorefinery is the simultaneous valorization of holocellulose and lignin. Acidified organosolv treatment is among the most promising strategy for recovering technical lignin, water-soluble hemicellulose, and cellulose pulp with increased accessibility to hydrolytic enzymes. In this work, a design-of-experiment (DoE) approach was used to increase the cellulose recovery, digestibility, and the delignification of Cynara cardunculus L. feedstock. In the first treatment, the milled biomass was subjected to microwave-assisted extraction using an acidified GVL/water mixture to separate lignin and hemicellulose from cellulose. In the second treatment, the cellulose pulp was hydrolyzed by cellulolytic enzymes to demonstrate the enhanced digestibility. At the optimal condition (154 °C, 2.24% H 2 SO 4 , and 0.62 GVL/water ratio), the cellulose pulp showed a cellulose content of 87.59%, while the lignin content was lower than 8%. The cellulose recovery and digestibility were equal to 79.46% and 86.94%, respectively. About 40% of the initial hemicellulose was recovered as monosaccharides. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the two-step organosolv treatment for biomass fractionation; however, as suggested by DoE analysis, a confirmative study at a low temperature (<154 °C) should be performed to further increase the cellulose recovery.

Suggested Citation

  • Tommaso Giannoni & Mattia Gelosia & Alessandro Bertini & Giacomo Fabbrizi & Andrea Nicolini & Valentina Coccia & Paola Iodice & Gianluca Cavalaglio, 2021. "Fractionation of Cynara cardunculus L. by Acidified Organosolv Treatment for the Extraction of Highly Digestible Cellulose and Technical Lignin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:8714-:d:608344
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mattia Gelosia & David Ingles & Enrico Pompili & Silvia D’Antonio & Gianluca Cavalaglio & Alessandro Petrozzi & Valentina Coccia, 2017. "Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Residues Coupling Steam Explosion and Organosolv Treatments Using Green Solvent γ-Valerolactone," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-11, August.
    2. Wang, Zhi-Wen & Zhu, Ming-Qiang & Li, Ming-Fei & Wei, Qin & Sun, Run-Cang, 2019. "Effects of hydrothermal treatment on enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis of rapeseed straw," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 446-452.
    3. Zhang, Hairong & Yang, Huijuan & Guo, Haijun & Huang, Chao & Xiong, Lian & Chen, Xinde, 2014. "Kinetic study on the liquefaction of wood and its three cell wall component in polyhydric alcohols," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1596-1600.
    4. Ruiz, Héctor A. & Rodríguez-Jasso, Rosa M. & Fernandes, Bruno D. & Vicente, António A. & Teixeira, José A., 2013. "Hydrothermal processing, as an alternative for upgrading agriculture residues and marine biomass according to the biorefinery concept: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 35-51.
    5. Valentina Coccia & Franco Cotana & Gianluca Cavalaglio & Mattia Gelosia & Alessandro Petrozzi, 2014. "Cellulose Nanocrystals Obtained from Cynara Cardunculus and Their Application in the Paper Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-13, August.
    6. Alessandro Bertini & Mattia Gelosia & Gianluca Cavalaglio & Marco Barbanera & Tommaso Giannoni & Giorgia Tasselli & Andrea Nicolini & Franco Cotana, 2019. "Production of Carbohydrates from Cardoon Pre-Treated by Acid-Catalyzed Steam Explosion and Enzymatic Hydrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-10, November.
    7. Mattia Gelosia & Alessandro Bertini & Marco Barbanera & Tommaso Giannoni & Andrea Nicolini & Franco Cotana & Gianluca Cavalaglio, 2020. "Acid-Assisted Organosolv Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cynara cardunculus L. for Glucose Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-10, August.
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    1. Giacomo Fabbrizi & Tommaso Giannoni & Leonardo Lorenzi & Andrea Nicolini & Paola Iodice & Valentina Coccia & Gianluca Cavalaglio & Mattia Gelosia, 2022. "High Solid and Low Cellulase Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cardoon Stems Pretreated by Acidified γ-Valerolactone/Water Solution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-12, April.

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