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Organic Corn Production Practices and Profitability in the Eastern U.S. Corn Belt

Author

Listed:
  • Caroline Brock

    (Department of Sociology, University of Missouri, 322 Middlebush, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Douglas Jackson-Smith

    (School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 134 Williams Hall, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA)

  • Subbu Kumarappan

    (Agricultural Technical Institute, The Ohio State University, 1328 Dover Road, Halterman 089A, Wooster, OH 44691, USA)

  • Steve Culman

    (School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 134 Williams Hall, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA)

  • Cathy Herms

    (Department of Horticulture and Crop Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA)

  • Douglas Doohan

    (Department of Horticulture and Crop Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA)

Abstract

Efforts to assess and improve the sustainability performance of the growing organic farming sector depend on an accurate understanding of farm structure and management practices. To contribute to the dearth of literature in this area, we conducted a survey of over 850 certified organic corn growers in four states (Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania) in the spring of 2018. Findings show that most organic corn growers in this region had diversified livestock operations (mostly dairy) on relatively small farms (10–100 ha), which contrasts with trends of specialization and growth in farm size. More than half were dairy farmers, and nearly two-thirds farmed with horses (likely Amish). Soil fertility and health were managed by the use of manure, cover crops, forages, and a variety of other soil amendments. Organic corn growers relied heavily on moldboard plow tillage. All producers had positive net returns to labor and management in 2017, though net returns varied widely across operations. The results have implications for assessing the sustainability of organic farming systems, and for designing scientific research and extension/outreach programs to ensure they address the needs of the diverse organic farming population in this region.

Suggested Citation

  • Caroline Brock & Douglas Jackson-Smith & Subbu Kumarappan & Steve Culman & Cathy Herms & Douglas Doohan, 2021. "Organic Corn Production Practices and Profitability in the Eastern U.S. Corn Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:8682-:d:607905
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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