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Impact of COVID-19 on the Educational Process in Saudi Arabia: A Technology–Organization–Environment Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Khloud Alshaikh

    (Information System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Shaikhah Maasher

    (Information System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Afnan Bayazed

    (Information System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Farrukh Saleem

    (Information System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Sahar Badri

    (Information System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Bahjat Fakieh

    (Information System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The lockdown of universities and educational institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the educational process. Saudi Arabia became a forerunner during COVID-19 by taking initial precautions of curfews and total restrictions. However, these restrictions had a disruptive effect on various sectors, specifically the educational sector. The Ministry of Education strived to cope with the consequences of these changes swiftly by shifting to online education. This paper aims to study the impact of COVID-19 on the educational process through a comparative study of the responses collected from different cases, and the challenges that are faced throughout the educational process. The study conducted a cross-sectional, self-administered online questionnaire during the outbreak and distance learning, which was designed based on the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework of students. Most questions used a five-point Likert scale. The responses were randomly collected from 150 undergraduate and postgraduate students who were studying in Saudi Arabian universities, to study the overall performance of education institutions during COVID-19. The collected data were analyzed and compared to the results in the literature. The main factors impacted by this transformation are addressed. These factors are based on research and observations and aim to overcome the encountered limitations and to present their level of impact on distance education. The research framework can be useful for higher educational authorities aiming to overcome the issues highlighted and discussed in this study.

Suggested Citation

  • Khloud Alshaikh & Shaikhah Maasher & Afnan Bayazed & Farrukh Saleem & Sahar Badri & Bahjat Fakieh, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on the Educational Process in Saudi Arabia: A Technology–Organization–Environment Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:13:p:7103-:d:581599
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sunday C. Eze & Vera C. A. Chinedu-Eze & Clinton K. Okike & Adenike O. Bello, 2020. "Factors influencing the use of e-learning facilities by students in a private Higher Education Institution (HEI) in a developing economy," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih & Ahmed M. Hasanein & Ahmed E. Abu Elnasr, 2020. "Responses to COVID-19 in Higher Education: Social Media Usage for Sustaining Formal Academic Communication in Developing Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Duncan Light & Remus Creţan & Andreea-Mihaela Dunca, 2021. "Museums and Transitional Justice: Assessing the Impact of a Memorial Museum on Young People in Post-Communist Romania," Societies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, May.
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    1. Murad Abdu Saeed & Mohammed Abdullah Alharbi & Amr Abdullatif Yassin, 2021. "Sustaining Synchronous Interaction Effectiveness in Distance Writing Courses: A Mixed Method Study in a KSA University," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Qutaiba Adeeb Odat & Hashem Alshurafat & Mohannad Obeid Al Shbail & Husam Ananzeh & Hamzeh Al Amosh, 2023. "Factors Affecting Accountants’ Adoption of Remote Working: Evidence from Jordanian Governmental Organizations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-23, September.

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