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The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Eko Supriyanto

    (PLN Research Institute, Jakarta 12760, Indonesia)

  • Jayan Sentanuhady

    (Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 12760, Indonesia)

  • Ariyana Dwiputra

    (PLN Research Institute, Jakarta 12760, Indonesia)

  • Ari Permana

    (Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 12760, Indonesia)

  • Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun

    (Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 12760, Indonesia)

Abstract

Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be a sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has a non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, hinders the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

Suggested Citation

  • Eko Supriyanto & Jayan Sentanuhady & Ariyana Dwiputra & Ari Permana & Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun, 2021. "The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-26, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:10:p:5599-:d:556425
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fangyuan Zheng & Haeng Muk Cho, 2024. "The Comprehensive Effects of Nano Additives on Biodiesel Engines—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-21, August.
    2. Petronela Lina Matei & Cristina Busuioc & Niculina Ionescu & Anicuta Stoica-Guzun & Nicoleta-Aurelia Chira, 2021. "Cnicus benedictus Oil as a Raw Material for Biodiesel: Extraction Optimization and Biodiesel Yield," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-16, November.

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