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Biofuel Production and Phosphorus Recovery through an Integrated Treatment of Agro-Industrial Waste

Author

Listed:
  • Alessio Siciliano

    (Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 44B, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy)

  • Carlo Limonti

    (Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 44B, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy)

  • Sanjeet Mehariya

    (Department of Sustainability; Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), P. Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
    Department of Engineering; University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy)

  • Antonio Molino

    (Department of Sustainability; Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), P. Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy)

  • Vincenza Calabrò

    (Department of Informatics, Modelling, Electronics and Systems Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 39C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy)

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop an integrated treatment of agro-industrial waste for biofuel (biogas and syngas) production and for phosphorus recovery. In the first step, an anaerobic digestion (AD) process was carried out on two different mixtures of raw agro-industrial residues. Specifically, a mixture of asparagus and tomato wastes (mixture-1) and a mixture of potatoes and kiwifruit residues (mixture-2) were investigated. The results proved that the properties of mixtures notably affect the evolution of the digestion process. Indeed, despite the lower organic load, the maximum biogas yield, of about 0.44 L/gCOD removed , was obtained for mixture-1. For mixture-2, the digestion process was hindered by the accumulation of acidity due to the lack of alkalinity in respect to the amount of volatile fatty acids. In the second step, the digestates from AD were utilized for syngas production using supercritical water gasification (SCWG) at 450 °C and 250 bar. Both the digestates were rapidly converted into syngas, which was mainly composed of H 2 , CO 2 , CH 4 , and CO. The maximum values of global gasification efficiency, equal to 56.5 g/kgCOD, and gas yield, equal to 1.8 mol/kgTS, were detected for mixture-2. The last step of the integrated treatment aimed to recover the phosphorus content, in the form of MgKPO 4 ˑ6H 2 O, from the residual liquid fraction of SCWG. The experimental results proved that at pH = 10 and Mg/P = 1 it is possible to obtain almost complete phosphorus removal. Moreover, by using the scanning electronic microscopy, it was demonstrated that the produced precipitate was effectively composed of magnesium potassium phosphate crystals.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessio Siciliano & Carlo Limonti & Sanjeet Mehariya & Antonio Molino & Vincenza Calabrò, 2018. "Biofuel Production and Phosphorus Recovery through an Integrated Treatment of Agro-Industrial Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:52-:d:192405
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Antonio Molino & Vincenzo Larocca & Simeone Chianese & Dino Musmarra, 2018. "Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-31, March.
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    6. Ankita Juneja & Ruben Michael Ceballos & Ganti S. Murthy, 2013. "Effects of Environmental Factors and Nutrient Availability on the Biochemical Composition of Algae for Biofuels Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-32, September.
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    9. Alessio Siciliano & Maria Assuntina Stillitano & Carlo Limonti, 2016. "Energetic Valorization of Wet Olive Mill Wastes through a Suitable Integrated Treatment: H 2 O 2 with Lime and Anaerobic Digestion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-15, November.
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    1. Sanjeet Mehariya & Rahul Kumar Goswami & Pradeep Verma & Roberto Lavecchia & Antonio Zuorro, 2021. "Integrated Approach for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Production in Microalgae Biorefineries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-26, April.
    2. Antonio Molino & Sanjeet Mehariya & Despina Karatza & Simeone Chianese & Angela Iovine & Patrizia Casella & Tiziana Marino & Dino Musmarra, 2019. "Bench-Scale Cultivation of Microalgae Scenedesmus almeriensis for CO 2 Capture and Lutein Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Rahul Prasad Singh & Priya Yadav & Indrajeet Kumar & Manoj Kumar Solanki & Rajib Roychowdhury & Ajay Kumar & Rajan Kumar Gupta, 2023. "Advancement of Abiotic Stresses for Microalgal Lipid Production and Its Bioprospecting into Sustainable Biofuels," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-36, September.

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