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Evaluating Nitrogen Oxides and Ultrafine Particulate Matter Emission Features of Urban Bus Based on Real-World Driving Conditions in the Yangtze River Delta Area, China

Author

Listed:
  • Dengguo Liu

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China)

  • Diming Lou

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Juan Liu

    (Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China)

  • Liang Fang

    (School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Weiming Huang

    (Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China)

Abstract

A Portable Emission Measurement System was used in this study to evaluate the exhaust emission characteristics of nitrogen oxides (NOx), ultrafine particulate matter (PM), and ultrafine particulate number (PN) from buses in the Yangtze River Delta, China. Results showed that NOx emission factor (unit: g·km −1 ) increased from 5.0 to 19.1, and PM emission factor (unit: g·km −1 ) increased from 0.001 to 0.189. A nonlinear model was established based on scientific statistical method, which showed that NOx and PM emission factors significantly decreased with speed increasing. The model also showed a “long tail effect” of NOx and PM emission factors beyond 30 km·h −1 . Furthermore, hybrid bus exhausted less NOx, PM, and PN emissions compared to conventional bus in the acceleration condition. Exhaust rates of NOx, PM and PN emissions (unit: g·s −1 ) increased with speed increasing under steady state driving condition, while PN emissions commonly showed a unimodal distribution at the speed of 20 km·h −1 .

Suggested Citation

  • Dengguo Liu & Diming Lou & Juan Liu & Liang Fang & Weiming Huang, 2018. "Evaluating Nitrogen Oxides and Ultrafine Particulate Matter Emission Features of Urban Bus Based on Real-World Driving Conditions in the Yangtze River Delta Area, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:2051-:d:152945
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Yunhua & Lou, Diming & Tan, Piqiang & Hu, Zhiyuan, 2018. "Particulate emissions from urban bus fueled with biodiesel blend and their reducing characteristics using particulate after-treatment system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 77-86.
    2. Zhang, Shaojun & Wu, Ye & Hu, Jingnan & Huang, Ruikun & Zhou, Yu & Bao, Xiaofeng & Fu, Lixin & Hao, Jiming, 2014. "Can Euro V heavy-duty diesel engines, diesel hybrid and alternative fuel technologies mitigate NOX emissions? New evidence from on-road tests of buses in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 118-126.
    3. Soylu, Seref, 2014. "The effects of urban driving conditions on the operating characteristics of conventional and hybrid electric city buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 472-482.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chao Wang & Zhuoqun Sun & Zhirui Ye, 2020. "On-Road Bus Emission Comparison for Diverse Locations and Fuel Types in Real-World Operation Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Barouch Giechaskiel & Roberto Gioria & Massimo Carriero & Tero Lähde & Fabrizio Forloni & Adolfo Perujo & Giorgio Martini & Luigi Maurizio Bissi & Roberto Terenghi, 2019. "Emission Factors of a Euro VI Heavy-duty Diesel Refuse Collection Vehicle," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-15, February.

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