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Long-Term Impacts of China’s New Commercial Harvest Exclusion Policy on Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity in the Temperate Forests of Northeast China

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  • Kai Liu

    (School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
    Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China)

  • Yu Liang

    (CAS Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

  • Hong S. He

    (School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
    School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Wen J. Wang

    (Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China)

  • Chao Huang

    (CAS Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

  • Shengwei Zong

    (School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China)

  • Lei Wang

    (Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China)

  • Jiangtao Xiao

    (Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China)

  • Haibo Du

    (School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China)

Abstract

Temperate forests in Northeast China have been severely exploited by timber harvesting in the last century. To reverse this trend, China implemented the Classified Forest Management policy in the Natural Forest Conservation Program in 1998 to protect forests from excessive harvesting. However, the policy was unable to meet the 2020 commitment of increasing growing stock (set in the Kyoto Protocol) because of high-intensity harvesting. Accordingly, China banned all commercial harvesting in Northeast China in 2014. In this study, we investigated the long-term impacts of the no commercial harvest (NCH) policy on ecosystem services and biodiversity using a forest landscape model, LANDIS PRO 7.0, in the temperate forests of the Small Khingan Mountains, Northeast China. We designed three management scenarios: The H scenario (the Classified Forest Management policy used in the past), the NCH scenario (the current Commercial Harvest Exclusion policy), and the LT scenario (mitigation management, i.e., light thinning). We compared total aboveground forest biomass, biomass by tree species, abundance of old-growth forests, and diversity of tree species and age class in three scenarios from 2010 to 2100. We found that compared with the H scenario, the NCH scenario increased aboveground forest biomass, abundance of old-growth forests, and biomass of most timber species over time; however, it decreased the biomass of rare and protected tree species and biodiversity. We found that the LT scenario increased the biomass of rare and protected tree species and biodiversity in comparison with the NCH scenario, while it maintained aboveground forest biomass and abundance of old-growth forests at a high level (slightly less than the NCH scenario). We concluded there was trade-off between carbon storage and biodiversity. We also concluded that light thinning treatment was able to regulate the trade-off and alleviate the negative effects associated with the NCH policy. Our results highlighted limitations of the NCH policy and provided new insights into sustainable forest management and the interdependence between human society and the forest ecosystem.

Suggested Citation

  • Kai Liu & Yu Liang & Hong S. He & Wen J. Wang & Chao Huang & Shengwei Zong & Lei Wang & Jiangtao Xiao & Haibo Du, 2018. "Long-Term Impacts of China’s New Commercial Harvest Exclusion Policy on Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity in the Temperate Forests of Northeast China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:1071-:d:139507
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Siboyu Sun & Yude Geng, 2022. "Livelihood Resilience and Its Influencing Factors of Worker Households in the Face of State-Owned Forest Areas Reform in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Jianwei Bai & Lina Tang & Qingchun Wang & Fengri Li, 2018. "A Landscape-Scale Adjoining Conservation (LAC) Approach for Efficient Habitat Expansion: The Case of Changbai Mountain, Northeast China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-12, August.

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