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Adult Children’s Marital Timing and Upward Intergenerational Financial Transfers: Variation across Gender, Race, and Ethnicity

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  • Xing Zhang

    (College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA)

  • Anna M. Hammersmith

    (Department of Sociology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA)

Abstract

Marriage is a key adult milestone yet is also considered a greedy institution that monopolizes resources, jeopardizing adult children’s financial transfers to aging parents. As the age at which marriage shifts later into adulthood, this study examines whether marriage still operates as a greedy institution, considering the role of marital timing on upward financial transfers to aging parents. Using data from Waves I–V of Add Health and Wave I of the Add Health Parent Questionnaire from 1994 to 2018, we examined whether timing of marriage (never, early, on time, and late) was associated with adult children’s upward financial transfers to their parents, accounting for variation across gender, race, and ethnicity. Adult children who never married were the largest group who gave upward financial transfers to their aging parents (33%). Results suggested that marriage or timing of marriage was a greedy institution among men, women, white, Hispanic, and Asian adults, but not Black adults, suggesting heterogeneity in the role of marriage on family support.

Suggested Citation

  • Xing Zhang & Anna M. Hammersmith, 2024. "Adult Children’s Marital Timing and Upward Intergenerational Financial Transfers: Variation across Gender, Race, and Ethnicity," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:13:y:2024:i:10:p:498-:d:1484167
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Matthijs Kalmijn, 2019. "The Effects of Ageing on Intergenerational Support Exchange: A New Look at the Hypothesis of Flow Reversal," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 35(2), pages 263-284, May.
    3. Royston, Patrick & White, Ian R., 2011. "Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE): Implementation in Stata," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 45(i04).
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