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Associations between Respiratory Health Outcomes and Coal Mine Fire PM 2.5 Smoke Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study

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  • Amanda L. Johnson

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Caroline X. Gao

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Martine Dennekamp

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Grant J. Williamson

    (School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia)

  • David Brown

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Matthew T. C. Carroll

    (Monash Rural Health – Churchill, Monash University, Northways Rd, Churchill, VIC 3842, Australia)

  • Jillian F. Ikin

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Anthony Del Monaco

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Michael J. Abramson

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

  • Yuming Guo

    (Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia)

Abstract

In 2014, wildfires ignited a fire in the Morwell open cut coal mine, Australia, which burned for six weeks. This study examined associations between self-reported respiratory outcomes in adults and mine fire-related PM 2.5 smoke exposure. Self-reported data were collected as part of the Hazelwood Health Study Adult Survey. Eligible participants were adult residents of Morwell. Mine fire-related PM 2.5 concentrations were provided by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship. Personalised mean 24-h and peak 12-h mine fire-related PM 2.5 exposures were estimated for each participant. Data were analysed by multivariate logistic regression. There was some evidence of an association between respiratory outcomes and mine fire PM 2.5 exposure. Chronic cough was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.23) per 10 μg/m 3 increment in mean PM 2.5 and 1.07 (1.02 to 1.12) per 100 μg/m 3 increment in peak PM 2.5 . Current wheeze was associated with peak PM 2.5 , OR = 1.06 (1.02 to 1.11) and chronic phlegm with mean PM 2.5 OR = 1.10 (1.00 to 1.20). Coal mine PM 2.5 smoke exposure was associated with increased odds of experiencing cough, phlegm and wheeze. Males, participants 18–64 years, and those residing in homes constructed from non-brick/concrete materials or homes with tin/metal roofs had higher estimated ORs. These findings contribute to the formation of public health policy responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Amanda L. Johnson & Caroline X. Gao & Martine Dennekamp & Grant J. Williamson & David Brown & Matthew T. C. Carroll & Jillian F. Ikin & Anthony Del Monaco & Michael J. Abramson & Yuming Guo, 2019. "Associations between Respiratory Health Outcomes and Coal Mine Fire PM 2.5 Smoke Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:21:p:4262-:d:282929
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saini, Varinder & Gupta, Ravi P. & Arora, Manoj K., 2016. "Environmental impact studies in coalfields in India: A case study from Jharia coal-field," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1222-1239.
    2. Hassani Youssouf & Catherine Liousse & Laurent Roblou & Eric-Michel Assamoi & Raimo O. Salonen & Cara Maesano & Soutrik Banerjee & Isabella Annesi-Maesano, 2014. "Non-Accidental Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-33, November.
    3. Royston, Patrick & White, Ian R., 2011. "Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE): Implementation in Stata," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 45(i04).
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