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Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection Decision Tree Analysis of Social Determinants for Low Birth Weight in Virginia

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  • Priyadarshini Pattath

    (Virginia Department of Health, Richmond, VA 23218, USA)

  • Meagan Robinson Maynor

    (Virginia Department of Health, Richmond, VA 23218, USA)

  • Rexford Anson-Dwamena

    (Virginia Department of Health, Richmond, VA 23218, USA)

Abstract

This study provides additional context to the literature regarding the social inequities that impact birth outcomes in Virginia using a decision tree analysis. Chi-squared automatic interaction detection data analysis (CHAID) was performed using data from the Virginia birth registry for the years 2015–2019. Birth weight was the outcome variable, while sociodemographic factors and maternity care deserts were the explanatory variables. The prevalence of low birth weight in Virginia was of 8.1%. The CHAID decision tree model demonstrated multilevel interaction among risk factors with three levels, with a total of 34 nodes. All the variables reached significance in the model, with race/ethnicity being the first major predictor variable, each category of race and ethnicity having different significant predictors, followed by prenatal care and maternal education in the next levels. These findings signify modifiable risk factors for low birth weight, in prioritizing efforts such as programs and policies. CHAID decision tree analysis provides an effective approach to detect target populations for further intervention as pathways derived from this decision tree shed light on the different predictors of high-risk population in each of the race/ethnicity demographic categories in Virginia.

Suggested Citation

  • Priyadarshini Pattath & Meagan Robinson Maynor & Rexford Anson-Dwamena, 2024. "Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection Decision Tree Analysis of Social Determinants for Low Birth Weight in Virginia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:8:p:1060-:d:1455522
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kotelchuck, M., 1994. "The Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization Index: Its US distribution and association with low birthweight," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 84(9), pages 1486-1489.
    2. G. V. Kass, 1980. "An Exploratory Technique for Investigating Large Quantities of Categorical Data," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 29(2), pages 119-127, June.
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