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Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Health Professionals in the COVID-19 Context

Author

Listed:
  • Gracielle Pereira Aires Garcia

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

  • Isabela Fernanda Larios Fracarolli

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

  • Heloisa Ehmke Cardoso dos Santos

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

  • Samuel Andrade de Oliveira

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

  • Bianca Gonzalez Martins

    (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil)

  • Lacir José Santin Junior

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

  • Maria Helena Palucci Marziale

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

  • Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi Rocha

    (School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil)

Abstract

To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in health professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Method: Cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic (snow-ball) sampling method. The assessment was performed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the prevalence of symptoms severity was calculated by point and 95% confidence interval. The analysis of the psychometric properties of DASS-21 was performed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the following goodness of fit indices: χ 2 /df (chi-square ratio by degrees of freedom), Tucker–Lewis index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) with a 90% confidence interval. Results: The study participants were 529 health professionals (82.4% women and 66.7% nursing professionals). CFA of the DASS-21 structural model presented adequate fit for the sample (χ 2 /df = 3.530; CFI = 0.979; TLI = 0.976; RMSEA = 0.069). Regarding prevalence, moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were found in 48.6%, 55.0% and 47.9% of the participants, respectively. Conclusion: The use of DASS-21 confirmed the validity and reliability of the data. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in the participants indicated a high risk of mental illness in health professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Gracielle Pereira Aires Garcia & Isabela Fernanda Larios Fracarolli & Heloisa Ehmke Cardoso dos Santos & Samuel Andrade de Oliveira & Bianca Gonzalez Martins & Lacir José Santin Junior & Maria Helena , 2022. "Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Health Professionals in the COVID-19 Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4402-:d:788116
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yufei Li & Nathaniel Scherer & Lambert Felix & Hannah Kuper, 2021. "Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(3), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Alessandro de Sire & Nicola Marotta & Simona Raimo & Lorenzo Lippi & Maria Teresa Inzitari & Anna Tasselli & Alessandra Gimigliano & Liana Palermo & Marco Invernizzi & Antonio Ammendolia, 2021. "Psychological Distress and Work Environment Perception by Physical Therapists from Southern Italy during COVID-19 Pandemic: The C.A.L.A.B.R.I.A Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    3. Cuiyan Wang & Riyu Pan & Xiaoyang Wan & Yilin Tan & Linkang Xu & Cyrus S. Ho & Roger C. Ho, 2020. "Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-25, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ilana Dubovi & Angela Ruban & Anat Amit Aharon, 2022. "The Role of Science-Based Knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Reducing COVID-19-Induced Anxiety among Nurses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-10, June.

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