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Effect of Growth Mindset on Mental Health Two Years Later: The Role of Smartphone Use

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaoxiong Lai

    (State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Chang Nie

    (Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Shunsen Huang

    (State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Yajun Li

    (Guangming Institute of Education Sciences, Shenzhen 518107, China)

  • Tao Xin

    (Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Cai Zhang

    (Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Yun Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

Abstract

The negative association between the growth mindset and mental health problems suggests that prevention and intervention programs to improve mental health by targeting mindset may have potential clinical value. However, research on the longitudinal effect of mindset on adolescent mental health and its underlying mechanisms is lacking. Using a three-wave longitudinal design, we obtained data from a diverse sample of Chinese adolescents ( n = 2543). Longitudinal multiple mediation models were constructed to examine the effects of the growth mindset on levels of anxiety and depression two years later. In addition, the mediating effects of smartphone use for entertainment and problematic smartphone use (PSU) were examined. After controlling for various covariates and the autoregressive effects of mental health problems, the growth mindset had significant negative effects on anxiety ( β = −0.053, p = 0.004) and depression ( β = −0.074, p < 0.001). Smartphone use had a significant mediating role in the effect of mindset on anxiety ( β = −0.016, p < 0.001) and depression ( β = −0.016, p < 0.001). The growth mindset has long-lasting positive effects on adolescent mental health. Smartphone use for entertainment and PSU mediate the effect of mindset on adolescent mental health.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoxiong Lai & Chang Nie & Shunsen Huang & Yajun Li & Tao Xin & Cai Zhang & Yun Wang, 2022. "Effect of Growth Mindset on Mental Health Two Years Later: The Role of Smartphone Use," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3355-:d:769828
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yafei Tan & Ying Chen & Yaogui Lu & Liping Li, 2016. "Exploring Associations between Problematic Internet Use, Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Disturbance among Southern Chinese Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Amy Orben & Andrew K. Przybylski, 2019. "The association between adolescent well-being and digital technology use," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 3(2), pages 173-182, February.
    3. David S. Yeager & Paul Hanselman & Gregory M. Walton & Jared S. Murray & Robert Crosnoe & Chandra Muller & Elizabeth Tipton & Barbara Schneider & Chris S. Hulleman & Cintia P. Hinojosa & David Paunesk, 2019. "A national experiment reveals where a growth mindset improves achievement," Nature, Nature, vol. 573(7774), pages 364-369, September.
    4. Walburg, Vera & Mialhes, Aurélie & Moncla, Dany, 2016. "Does school-related burnout influence problematic Facebook use?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 327-331.
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    1. Shunsen Huang & Xiaoxiong Lai & Xinmei Zhao & Xinran Dai & Yuanwei Yao & Cai Zhang & Yun Wang, 2022. "Beyond Screen Time: Exploring the Associations between Types of Smartphone Use Content and Adolescents’ Social Relationships," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-14, July.

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