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Responses of Coagulant Type, Dosage and Process Conditions to Phosphate Removal Efficiency from Anaerobic Sludge

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  • Dae Wook Kim

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-daero, Jinju 501, Korea)

  • Sung Il Yu

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-daero, Jinju 501, Korea)

  • Kyuyong Im

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-daero, Jinju 501, Korea)

  • Juhee Shin

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-daero, Jinju 501, Korea)

  • Seung Gu Shin

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-daero, Jinju 501, Korea)

Abstract

Phosphorus, a crucial component of life, may cause eutrophication if it is discharged untreated into the aquatic ecosystem. Phosphate (PO 4 3- ) may exist at an elevated level in anaerobic digestion (AD) effluents and can lead to the clogging of pipes by forming struvite crystals. This study was conducted to assess the responses of coagulant type, dosage and process conditions to phosphate removal efficiency from anaerobic sludge. The experiments were performed in two steps. First, a sensitivity test was conducted to compare five coagulant types (alum, poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), FeCl 2 , FeCl 3 and PAC + FeCl 3 ) at standard coagulation conditions. The results showed that PAC would be the best coagulant among the tested, while a combination of PAC and FeCl 3 may be beneficial under circumstances. Second, an optimization study was performed for PAC using response surface methodology employing central composite design. Among the three independent variables (coagulant dosage, slow mixing duration and agitation speed), the dosage was the sole significant variable for phosphate removal efficiency, while the other two had limited effects. A future study to optimize the rapid mixing conditions would give additional insights into the process. The results of this study may be useful to design a process to counteract phosphate discharges from AD plants, as well as to reduce the risks of pipe clogging and maintenance problems due to crystalline struvite formation in the later stage of AD.

Suggested Citation

  • Dae Wook Kim & Sung Il Yu & Kyuyong Im & Juhee Shin & Seung Gu Shin, 2022. "Responses of Coagulant Type, Dosage and Process Conditions to Phosphate Removal Efficiency from Anaerobic Sludge," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-9, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1693-:d:740484
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Seung Gu Shin & Joonyeob Lee & Trong Hoan Do & Su In Kim & Seokhwan Hwang, 2019. "Application of Response Surface Analysis to Evaluate the Effect of Concentrations of Ammonia and Propionic Acid on Acetate-Utilizing Methanogenesis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-13, September.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Javier Carpintero & Jennifer Villa-Dominguez & María José Tavera-Quiroz & Humberto Carlos Tavera-Quiroz & Bartosz Kaźmierczak & Jonathan Fábregas-Villegas & Fausto A. Canales, 2022. "Application of a 2 k–p Fractional Experimental Design in Coagulation-Flocculation Processes in the Treatment of Wastewater from a Slaughterhouse," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-14, August.

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