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Natural Organic Matter Removal in Surface Water Treatment via Coagulation—Current Issues, Potential Solutions, and New Findings

Author

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  • Alicja Knap-Bałdyga

    (Department of Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro, and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Monika Żubrowska-Sudoł

    (Department of Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro, and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

Considerable changes have been observed in surface waters’ quality in recent years. They include an increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, as well as a shift of natural organic matter (NOM) composition in favor of low molecular weight (LMW), and they are expected to occur on a wider scale in the future. Those predictions are particularly worrying given the importance of surface water as the main potable water source for numerous communities across the globe. Conventional methods of surface water treatment for drinking purposes mostly focus on the process of coagulation. The progressing changes in the quality of surface waters, however, render the conventional treatment via coagulation inefficient. The issue of the presence of natural organic matter in drinking water sources, its anticipated changes, and the related treatment problems are all complex and pressing matters that need addressing. This paper aims to provide a critical review of recent findings regarding NOM removal via coagulation in reference to the current NOM-related issues and their potential solutions. The paper discusses the application of different types of coagulants, and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Coagulation-integrated processes including adsorption, membrane filtration, biological processes, and oxidation are also addressed. Lastly, insights on the future approach to the discussed issues and conclusions are presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Alicja Knap-Bałdyga & Monika Żubrowska-Sudoł, 2023. "Natural Organic Matter Removal in Surface Water Treatment via Coagulation—Current Issues, Potential Solutions, and New Findings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-24, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13853-:d:1242190
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Setyo Budi Kurniawan & Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah & Muhammad Fauzul Imron & Nor Sakinah Mohd Said & Nur 'Izzati Ismail & Hassimi Abu Hasan & Ahmad Razi Othman & Ipung Fitri Purwanti, 2020. "Challenges and Opportunities of Biocoagulant/Bioflocculant Application for Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment and Its Potential for Sludge Recovery," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-33, December.
    2. Fuguo Qiu & Huadong Lv & Xiao Zhao & Dongye Zhao, 2019. "Impact of an Extreme Winter Storm Event on the Coagulation/Flocculation Processes in a Prototype Surface Water Treatment Plant: Causes and Mitigating Measures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Nadiah Khairul Zaman & Rosiah Rohani & Izzati Izni Yusoff & Muhammad Azraei Kamsol & Siti Aishah Basiron & Aina Izzati Abd. Rashid, 2021. "Eco-Friendly Coagulant versus Industrially Used Coagulants: Identification of Their Coagulation Performance, Mechanism and Optimization in Water Treatment Process," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-21, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Petros Gkotsis & Manassis Mitrakas & Anastasios Zouboulis, 2023. "A Novel Process for the On-Site Preparation and Application of Polyferric Chloride (PFC) for Surface Water Treatment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-15, November.

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