IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i23p15592-d982509.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Emergency Department Visits and Summer Temperatures in Bologna, Northern Italy, 2010–2019: A Case-Crossover Study and Geographically Weighted Regression Methods

Author

Listed:
  • Francesco Guolo

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy
    Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Elisa Stivanello

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Lorenzo Pizzi

    (Governance of Screening Programs Unit, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Teodoro Georgiadis

    (Institute for the BioEconomy IBE-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • Letizia Cremonini

    (Institute for the BioEconomy IBE-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • Muriel Assunta Musti

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Marianna Nardino

    (Institute for the BioEconomy IBE-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy)

  • Filippo Ferretti

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Paolo Marzaroli

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Vincenza Perlangeli

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Paolo Pandolfi

    (Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Rossella Miglio

    (Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

Abstract

The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between summer temperatures and emergency department visits (EDVs) in Bologna (Italy) and assess whether this association varies across areas with different socioeconomic and microclimatic characteristics. We included all EDVs within Bologna residences during the summers of 2010–2019. Each subject is attributed a deprivation and a microclimatic discomfort index according to the residence. A time-stratified case-crossover design was conducted to estimate the risk of EDV associated with temperature and the effect modification of deprivation and microclimatic characteristics. In addition, a spatial analysis of data aggregated at the census block level was conducted by applying a Poisson and a geographically weighted Poisson regression model. For each unit increase in temperature above 26 °C, the risk of EDV increases by 0.4% (95%CI: 0.05–0.8). The temperature–EDV relationship is not modified by the microclimatic discomfort index but rather by the deprivation index. The spatial analysis shows that the EDV rate increases with deprivation homogeneously, while it diminishes with increases in median income and microclimatic discomfort, with differences across areas. In conclusion, in Bologna, the EDV risk associated with high temperatures is not very relevant overall, but it tends to increase in areas with a low socioeconomic level.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Guolo & Elisa Stivanello & Lorenzo Pizzi & Teodoro Georgiadis & Letizia Cremonini & Muriel Assunta Musti & Marianna Nardino & Filippo Ferretti & Paolo Marzaroli & Vincenza Perlangeli & Paolo, 2022. "Emergency Department Visits and Summer Temperatures in Bologna, Northern Italy, 2010–2019: A Case-Crossover Study and Geographically Weighted Regression Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15592-:d:982509
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/23/15592/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/23/15592/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mengmeng Li & Shaohua Gu & Peng Bi & Jun Yang & Qiyong Liu, 2015. "Heat Waves and Morbidity: Current Knowledge and Further Direction-A Comprehensive Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-28, May.
    2. Schenker N. & Gentleman J. F., 2001. "On Judging the Significance of Differences by Examining the Overlap Between Confidence Intervals," The American Statistician, American Statistical Association, vol. 55, pages 182-186, August.
    3. Letizia Cremonini & Marianna Nardino & Teodoro Georgiadis, 2022. "The Utilization of the WMO-1234 Guidance to Improve Citizen’s Wellness and Health: An Italian Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Marianna Nardino & Letizia Cremonini & Teodoro Georgiadis & Emanuele Mandanici & Gabriele Bitelli, 2021. "Microclimate Classification of Bologna (Italy) as a Support Tool for Urban Services and Regeneration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Elisa Stivanello & Federico Chierzi & Paolo Marzaroli & Sara Zanella & Rossella Miglio & Patrizia Biavati & Vincenza Perlangeli & Domenico Berardi & Angelo Fioritti & Paolo Pandolfi, 2020. "Mental Health Disorders and Summer Temperature-Related Mortality: A Case Crossover Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Ines Corcuera Hotz & Shakoor Hajat, 2020. "The Effects of Temperature on Accident and Emergency Department Attendances in London: A Time-Series Regression Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-12, March.
    7. Mengxuan Li & Benjamin A. Shaw & Wangjian Zhang & Elizabeth Vásquez & Shao Lin, 2019. "Impact of Extremely Hot Days on Emergency Department Visits for Cardiovascular Disease among Older Adults in New York State," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-13, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Letizia Cremonini & Teodoro Georgiadis & Marianna Nardino & Federica Rossi & Alessandro Rossi & Giovanna Pinca & Massimiliano Fazzini, 2023. "Tools for Urban Climate Adaptation Plans: A Case Study on Bologna and Outcomes for Heat Wave Impact Reduction," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-11, November.
    2. Martina S. Ragettli & Apolline Saucy & Benjamin Flückiger & Danielle Vienneau & Kees de Hoogh & Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera & Christian Schindler & Martin Röösli, 2023. "Explorative Assessment of the Temperature–Mortality Association to Support Health-Based Heat-Warning Thresholds: A National Case-Crossover Study in Switzerland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Domínguez-Torreiro, Marcos & Soliño, Mario, 2011. "Provided and perceived status quo in choice experiments: Implications for valuing the outputs of multifunctional rural areas," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(12), pages 2523-2531.
    4. Pierre Masselot & Fateh Chebana & Taha B. M. J. Ouarda & Diane Bélanger & Pierre Gosselin, 2022. "Data-Enhancement Strategies in Weather-Related Health Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-13, January.
    5. Tim Goedemé & Karel Van den Bosch & Lina Salanauskaite & Gerlinde Verbist, 2013. "Testing the Statistical Significance of Microsimulation Results: Often Easier than You Think. A Technical Note," ImPRovE Working Papers 13/10, Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy, University of Antwerp.
    6. Yao Xiao & Chengzhen Meng & Suli Huang & Yanran Duan & Gang Liu & Shuyuan Yu & Ji Peng & Jinquan Cheng & Ping Yin, 2021. "Short-Term Effect of Temperature Change on Non-Accidental Mortality in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-14, August.
    7. Thomas Yee & Alfian Hadi, 2014. "Row–column interaction models, with an R implementation," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 29(6), pages 1427-1445, December.
    8. Letizia Cremonini & Marianna Nardino & Teodoro Georgiadis, 2022. "The Utilization of the WMO-1234 Guidance to Improve Citizen’s Wellness and Health: An Italian Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-13, November.
    9. Andrew Kerner & Morten Jerven & Alison Beatty, 2017. "Does it pay to be poor? Testing for systematically underreported GNI estimates," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 1-38, March.
    10. McKendree, Melissa G.S. & Olynk Widmar, Nicole & Ortega, David L. & Foster, Kenneth A., 2013. "Consumer Preferences for Verified Pork-Rearing Practices in the Production of Ham Products," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 38(3), pages 1-21.
    11. Kumar, Santosh & Nahlen, Bernard, 2023. "Intergenerational persistence of health: Evidence from India," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    12. Rizmie, Dheeya & de Preux, Laure & Miraldo, Marisa & Atun, Rifat, 2022. "Impact of extreme temperatures on emergency hospital admissions by age and socio-economic deprivation in England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    13. Paul Mwebaze & Jeff Bennett & Nigel W. Beebe & Gregor J. Devine & Paul Barro, 2018. "Economic Valuation of the Threat Posed by the Establishment of the Asian Tiger Mosquito in Australia," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 71(2), pages 357-379, October.
    14. Amy E. Wagler, 2014. "Confidence Intervals for Assessing Heterogeneity in Generalized Linear Mixed Models," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 39(3), pages 167-179, June.
    15. Laura Lindberg & Kathryn Kost & Isaac Maddow-Zimet & Sheila Desai & Mia Zolna, 2020. "Abortion Reporting in the United States: An Assessment of Three National Fertility Surveys," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 57(3), pages 899-925, June.
    16. Lisa Woodland & Priyanjali Ratwatte & Revati Phalkey & Emma L. Gillingham, 2023. "Investigating the Health Impacts of Climate Change among People with Pre-Existing Mental Health Problems: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-33, April.
    17. Charlotte Wang & Shu-Ju Lin & Chuhsing Kate Hsiao & Kuo-Chen Lu, 2023. "Bayesian Approach to Disease Risk Evaluation Based on Air Pollution and Weather Conditions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-10, January.
    18. Tobias Keller & Martin Glaum & Andreas Bausch & Thorsten Bunz, 2023. "The “CEO in context” technique revisited: A replication and extension of Hambrick and Quigley (2014)," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(4), pages 1111-1138, April.
    19. Hasan Sohail & Virpi Kollanus & Pekka Tiittanen & Alexandra Schneider & Timo Lanki, 2020. "Heat, Heatwaves and Cardiorespiratory Hospital Admissions in Helsinki, Finland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
    20. Yuqing Feng & Jing Wei & Maogui Hu & Chengdong Xu & Tao Li & Jinfeng Wang & Wei Chen, 2022. "Lagged Effects of Exposure to Air Pollutants on the Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Highly Polluted Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-13, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15592-:d:982509. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.