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Mental Health Disorders and Summer Temperature-Related Mortality: A Case Crossover Study

Author

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  • Elisa Stivanello

    (Department of Pubblic Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Federico Chierzi

    (Department of Mental Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy)

  • Paolo Marzaroli

    (Department of Pubblic Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Sara Zanella

    (Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Rossella Miglio

    (Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Patrizia Biavati

    (Department of Pubblic Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Vincenza Perlangeli

    (Department of Pubblic Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Domenico Berardi

    (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy)

  • Angelo Fioritti

    (Department of Mental Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy)

  • Paolo Pandolfi

    (Department of Pubblic Health, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

Abstract

Identifying the most vulnerable subjects is crucial for the effectiveness of health interventions aimed at limiting the adverse consequences of high temperatures. We conducted a case crossover study aimed at assessing whether suffering from mental health disorders modifies the effect of high temperatures on mortality. We included all deaths occurred in the area of Bologna Local Health Trust during the summers 2004–2017. Subjects with mental disorders were identified by using the local Mental Health Registry. A conditional logistic model was applied, and a z-test was used to study the effect modification. Several models were estimated stratifying by subjects’ characteristics. For every 1 °C above 24 °C, mortality among people without mental disorders increased by 1.9% (95% CI 1.0–2.6, p < 0.0001), while among mental health service users, mortality increased by 5.5% (95% CI 2.4–8.6, p < 0.0001) (z-test equal to p = 0.0259). The effect modification varied according to gender, residency and cause of death. The highest probability of dying due to an increase in temperature was registered in patients with depression and cognitive decline. In order to reduce the effects of high temperatures on mortality, health intervention strategies should include mental health patients among the most vulnerable subjects taking account of their demographic and clinical characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisa Stivanello & Federico Chierzi & Paolo Marzaroli & Sara Zanella & Rossella Miglio & Patrizia Biavati & Vincenza Perlangeli & Domenico Berardi & Angelo Fioritti & Paolo Pandolfi, 2020. "Mental Health Disorders and Summer Temperature-Related Mortality: A Case Crossover Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:9122-:d:457937
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Francesco Guolo & Elisa Stivanello & Lorenzo Pizzi & Teodoro Georgiadis & Letizia Cremonini & Muriel Assunta Musti & Marianna Nardino & Filippo Ferretti & Paolo Marzaroli & Vincenza Perlangeli & Paolo, 2022. "Emergency Department Visits and Summer Temperatures in Bologna, Northern Italy, 2010–2019: A Case-Crossover Study and Geographically Weighted Regression Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Julia Feriato Corvetto & Ammir Yacoub Helou & Peter Dambach & Thomas Müller & Rainer Sauerborn, 2023. "A Systematic Literature Review of the Impact of Climate Change on the Global Demand for Psychiatric Services," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-27, January.
    3. Lisa Woodland & Priyanjali Ratwatte & Revati Phalkey & Emma L. Gillingham, 2023. "Investigating the Health Impacts of Climate Change among People with Pre-Existing Mental Health Problems: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-33, April.

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