IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i18p11316-d910350.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Differences in the Course of Depression and Anxiety after COVID-19 Infection between Recovered Patients with and without a Psychiatric History: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Megumi Hazumi

    (Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
    Department of Sleep-Wake Disorder, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan)

  • Kentaro Usuda

    (Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan)

  • Emi Okazaki

    (Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan)

  • Mayumi Kataoka

    (Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
    Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan)

  • Daisuke Nishi

    (Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
    Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan)

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to examine the course of depression and anxiety in COVID-19 survivors with a psychiatric history compared with those without a psychiatric history. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey for COVID-19 survivors was conducted from July to September 2021. A total of 6016 COVID-19 survivors, the accuracy of whose responses was determined to be assured, were included in analyses. Exposures included psychiatric history and time since COVID-19 infection, and the main outcomes and measures included severity of depression and anxiety, as assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. Results: Mean severity of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were significantly higher in participants with a psychiatric history than in those without a psychiatric history. Two-way analysis of covariance for PHQ-9 showed a significant main effect of the presence of psychiatric history and a significant interaction effect of psychiatric history × time since infection. Two-way analysis of covariance for the GAD-7 score revealed a significant main effect of the presence of psychiatric history and time since COVID-19 infection and the interaction effect of these factors. Conclusions: The course of depression and anxiety was more severe in COVID-19 survivors with a psychiatric history than in those without a psychiatric history.

Suggested Citation

  • Megumi Hazumi & Kentaro Usuda & Emi Okazaki & Mayumi Kataoka & Daisuke Nishi, 2022. "Differences in the Course of Depression and Anxiety after COVID-19 Infection between Recovered Patients with and without a Psychiatric History: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11316-:d:910350
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/18/11316/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/18/11316/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexander Konnopka & Hannah König, 2020. "Economic Burden of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 25-37, January.
    2. Knapp, Martin & Wong, Gloria, 2020. "Economics and mental health: the current scenario," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 102717, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Isabel Cecil Schäfer & Johannes Krehbiel & Werner Adler & Andrea Borho & Regina Herold & Brigitte Greiner & Miriam Reuner & Eva Morawa & Yesim Erim, 2024. "Three-Month Follow-Up of the Post-COVID Syndrome after Admission to a Specialised Post-COVID Centre—A Prospective Study Focusing on Mental Health with Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-18, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alexandra Schosser & Birgit Senft & Marion Rauner, 2022. "The benefit of an ambulant psychiatric rehabilitation program in Vienna, Austria: an uncontrolled repeated measures study," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 30(1), pages 19-48, March.
    2. Ghazi I. Al Jowf & Ziyad T. Ahmed & Ning An & Rick A. Reijnders & Elena Ambrosino & Bart P. F. Rutten & Laurence de Nijs & Lars M. T. Eijssen, 2022. "A Public Health Perspective of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-17, May.
    3. Ángela Carbonell & Sylvia Georgieva & José-Javier Navarro-Pérez & Mercedes Botija, 2023. "From Social Rejection to Welfare Oblivion: Health and Mental Health in Juvenile Justice in Brazil, Colombia and Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(11), pages 1-18, May.
    4. Cleofas, Jerome Visperas, 2023. "Internet access as a moderator of mental health and satisfaction with life during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from young Filipino undergraduates from income-poor households," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    5. Gaia Sampogna & Maurizio Pompili & Andrea Fiorillo, 2022. "The Short-Term Consequences of COVID-19 on Mental Health: State of the Art from Available Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-5, November.
    6. Bauer, Annette & Knapp, Martin & Alvi, Mohsin & Chaudhry, Nasim & Gregoire, Alain & Malik, Abid & Sikander, Siham & Tayyaba, Kiran & Wagas, Ahmed & Husain, Nusrat, 2024. "Economic costs of perinatal depression and anxiety in a lower-middle income country: Pakistan," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 122650, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    7. Patricia Gual-Montolio & Irene Jaén & Verónica Martínez-Borba & Diana Castilla & Carlos Suso-Ribera, 2022. "Using Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Ongoing Psychological Interventions for Emotional Problems in Real- or Close to Real-Time: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-21, June.
    8. Arulsamy, Karen & Delaney, Liam, 2022. "The impact of automatic enrolment on the mental health gap in pension participation: Evidence from the UK," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    9. Vandenberghe, Vincent, 2021. "Work Beyond the Age of 50. What Role for Mental v.s. Physical Health?," GLO Discussion Paper Series 796, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    10. Mara Lastretti & Manuela Tomai & Natalia Visalli & Francesco Chiaramonte & Renata Tambelli & Marco Lauriola, 2021. "An Integrated Medical-Psychological Approach in the Routine Care of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study to Explore the Clinical and Economic Sustainability of the Healthcare Intervention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-15, November.
    11. Avdic, Daniel & de New, Sonja C. & Kamhöfer, Daniel A., 2021. "Economic downturns and mental health in Germany," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    12. Johanna Katharina Hohls & Hans-Helmut König & Eleanor Quirke & André Hajek, 2021. "Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life—A Systematic Review of Evidence from Longitudinal Observational Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-26, November.
    13. Minna Anttila & Milla Ylitalo & Marjo H. Kurki & Kirsi Hipp & Maritta Välimäki, 2020. "School Nurses’ Perceptions, Learning Needs and Developmental Suggestions for Mental Health Promotion: Focus Group Interviews," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
    14. Avdic, Daniel & de New, Sonja C. & Kamhöfer, Daniel A., 2020. "Economic downturns and mental wellbeing," DICE Discussion Papers 337, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    15. Karen Arulsamy, 2022. "The impact of adolescent psychological distress on access and participation in employer sponsored pension plans in the US," Working Papers 202201, Geary Institute, University College Dublin.
    16. Vincent Vandenberghe, 2021. "Work beyond the age of 50. What role for mental versus physical health?," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 35(3), pages 311-347, September.
    17. Vincent Vandenberghe, 2020. "The Rather Limited Role Of Mental Ill Health In Driving Work Beyond 50," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2020020, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    18. Gaia Sampogna & Maurizio Pompili & Andrea Fiorillo, 2021. "Mental Health in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Worldwide Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-5, December.
    19. Long Khanh-Dao Le & Sophy Shih & Scott Richards-Jones & Mary Lou Chatterton & Lidia Engel & Christopher Stevenson & David Lawrence & Genevieve Pepin & Cathrine Mihalopoulos, 2021. "The cost of Medicare-funded medical and pharmaceutical services for mental disorders in children and adolescents in Australia," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-16, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11316-:d:910350. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.