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Source Identification and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil: A Case Study of Lintancang Plain, Northeast China

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  • Qianru Man

    (State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Lijuan Xu

    (State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Mingfang Li

    (Linyi Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Shandong Province, Linyi 276000, China)

Abstract

To investigate the concentration, source, and potential health risk of soil heavy metals (V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg), this study determined the concentration of these seven metals in 37 soil samples from Linyi City, southeast of Shandong Province, China. The mean concentrations of the investigated heavy metals followed the sequence: Cr (76.2 mg/kg) > V (70.5 mg/kg) > Zn (70.1 mg/kg) > Ni (34.0 mg/kg) > Pb (31.4 mg/kg) > Cu (23.2 mg/kg) > Hg (1.7 mg/kg). The enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (I geo ) indicated an extreme enrichment of Hg (EF > 10, I geo > 4) within the study area, while a slight enrichment of other metals. According to the toxic risk index (TRI), Hg accounted for the strongest soil toxicity (TRI = 8.07, 64.3%). The risk assessment with hazard index (HI) suggested that the health risks of all metals were acceptable, and the HI of adults was generally lower compared with that of the children. In addition, two principal components (PC) calculated by principal component analysis (PCA) were used to identify the sources of these heavy metals, which were 57.73% for PC 1 (Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Hg, Cu and V) and 21.63% for PC 2 (Hg, Cu and V), respectively. Moreover, PC 1 was mainly controlled by anthropogenic inputs, while PC 2 was contributed to by natural sources. Combined with the correlation matrix, it was concluded that there were three different sources for all seven heavy metals.

Suggested Citation

  • Qianru Man & Lijuan Xu & Mingfang Li, 2022. "Source Identification and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil: A Case Study of Lintancang Plain, Northeast China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10259-:d:891259
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tingting Wu & Xiangyang Bi & Zhonggen Li & Guangyi Sun & Xinbin Feng & Lihai Shang & Hua Zhang & Tianrong He & Ji Chen, 2017. "Contaminations, Sources, and Health Risks of Trace Metal(loid)s in Street Dust of a Small City Impacted by Artisanal Zn Smelting Activities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Jie Zeng & Guilin Han & Qixin Wu & Yang Tang, 2019. "Heavy Metals in Suspended Particulate Matter of the Zhujiang River, Southwest China: Contents, Sources, and Health Risks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-16, May.
    3. Hui Hu & Qian Jin & Philip Kavan, 2014. "A Study of Heavy Metal Pollution in China: Current Status, Pollution-Control Policies and Countermeasures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-19, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yan Sun & Canchao Yang, 2024. "Soil Mercury Pollution of Hainan Island, China: Patterns, Influencing Factors, and Health Risks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-14, April.

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