IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v15y2018i3p424-d134012.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Epidemiological Study on Metal Pollution of Ningbo in China

Author

Listed:
  • Zhou Li

    (Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Hong Su

    (Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Li Wang

    (Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Danbiao Hu

    (Ninghai Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ninghai 315600, China)

  • Lijun Zhang

    (Jiangdong District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315040, China)

  • Jian Fang

    (Zhenhai District Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Center, Ningbo 315200, China)

  • Micong Jin

    (Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China)

  • Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston

    (Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Xin Song

    (Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Hongbo Shi

    (Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China)

  • Jinshun Zhao

    (Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China)

  • Guochuan Mao

    (Ningbo Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Ningbo 315010, China)

Abstract

Background : In order to search for effective control and prevention measures, the status of metal pollution in Ningbo, China was investigated. Methods : Nine of the most common contaminating metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) in samples of vegetables, rice, soil, irrigation water, and human hair were detected using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Three different districts including industrial, suburban and rural areas in Ningbo were studied through a stratified random sample method. Results : (1) Among all of the detected vegetable samples, Cd exceeded the standard limit rates in industrial, suburban and rural areas as high as 43.9%, 27.5% and 5.0%, respectively; indicating the severity of Cd pollution in Ningbo. (2) The pollution index (PI) of Cd and Zn in soil (1.069, 1.584, respectively) suggests that soil is slightly polluted by Cd and Zn. Among all samples, metal contamination levels in soil were all relatively high. (3) A positive correlation was found between the concentrations of Pb, Cd and Cu in vegetables and soil; Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni in vegetables and irrigation water, as well as, Cu and Ni in rice and irrigation water; and, (4) Higher Pb and Cd concentrations were found in student scalp hair in both industrial and suburban areas compared to rural areas. (5) Hg and Pb that are found in human scalp hair may be more easily absorbed from food than any of the other metals. Conclusions : In general, certain harmful metal pollutions were detected in both industrial and suburban areas of Ningbo in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou Li & Hong Su & Li Wang & Danbiao Hu & Lijun Zhang & Jian Fang & Micong Jin & Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston & Xin Song & Hongbo Shi & Jinshun Zhao & Guochuan Mao, 2018. "Epidemiological Study on Metal Pollution of Ningbo in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:3:p:424-:d:134012
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/3/424/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/3/424/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hang Zhou & Wen-Tao Yang & Xin Zhou & Li Liu & Jiao-Feng Gu & Wen-Lei Wang & Jia-Ling Zou & Tao Tian & Pei-Qin Peng & Bo-Han Liao, 2016. "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Species Planted in Contaminated Soils and the Health Risk Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Gang Liang & Ligang Pan & Xinhui Liu, 2017. "Assessment of Typical Heavy Metals in Human Hair of Different Age Groups and Foodstuffs in Beijing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-10, August.
    3. Hong Su & Zhou Li & Samuel Selorm Fiati Kenston & Hongbo Shi & Yafei Wang & Xin Song & Yuanliang Gu & Tabatha Barber & Joni Aldinger & Baobo Zou & Min Ding & Jinshun Zhao & Xialu Lin, 2017. "Joint Toxicity of Different Heavy Metal Mixtures after a Short-Term Oral Repeated-Administration in Rats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, October.
    4. Bifeng Hu & Xiaolin Jia & Jie Hu & Dongyun Xu & Fang Xia & Yan Li, 2017. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risks in the Soil-Plant-Human System in the Yangtze River Delta, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, September.
    5. Hui Hu & Qian Jin & Philip Kavan, 2014. "A Study of Heavy Metal Pollution in China: Current Status, Pollution-Control Policies and Countermeasures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-19, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ya Wang & Chengqiao Shi & Kang Lv & Youqing Li & Jinjin Cheng & Xiaolong Chen & Xianwen Fang & Xiangyang Yu, 2019. "Genotypic Variation in Nickel Accumulation and Translocation and Its Relationships with Silicon, Phosphorus, Iron, and Manganese among 72 Major Rice Cultivars from Jiangsu Province, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Fengxu Li & Jiquan Zhang & Tiehua Cao & Sijia Li & Yanan Chen & Xuanhe Liang & Xin Zhao & Junwei Chen, 2018. "Human Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Elements in Farmland Topsoil with Source Identification in Jilin Province, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Magdalena Zielińska-Dawidziak & Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik & Zofia Wojciechowska & Jędrzej Proch & Ryszard Kowalski & Przemysław Niedzielski, 2022. "Rare Earth Elements Accumulation in the Hair of Malagasy Children and Adolescents in Relation to Their Age and Nutritional Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-12, January.
    3. Ramesh Chandra Das & Tonmoy Chatterjee & Enrico Ivaldi, 2022. "Nexus between Housing Price and Magnitude of Pollution: Evidence from the Panel of Some High- and-Low Polluting Cities of the World," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-18, July.
    4. Sana Khalid & Muhammad Shahid & Natasha & Irshad Bibi & Tania Sarwar & Ali Haidar Shah & Nabeel Khan Niazi, 2018. "A Review of Environmental Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Wastewater Use for Crop Irrigation with a Focus on Low and High-Income Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-36, May.
    5. Shamshad Karatela & Christin Coomarasamy & Janis Paterson & Neil I. Ward, 2020. "Exposure to Toenail Heavy Metals and Child Behavior Problems in Nine-Year-Old Children: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-12, June.
    6. Songtao Xu & Zhifang Zhou & Ke Liu, 2020. "Multi-Evolutionary Game Research on Heavy Metal Pollution Control in Soil: Based on a Third-Party Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-20, June.
    7. H. Holly Wang & Jing Yang & Na Hao, 2022. "Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Rice from Remediated Soil: Potential from the Public in Sustainable Soil Pollution Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-22, July.
    8. Zhensheng Wang & Ke Nie, 2017. "Measuring Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metal Contaminations in a Network-Constrained Environment: A Case Study in River Network of Daye, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-11, June.
    9. Shuncun Zhang & Tao Wang & Hao Wang & Qiangqiang Kang & Qian Zhou & Bo Chen, 2022. "Spatial Pattern, Sources Identification, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Typical Soda Soil from Bayannur, Northwestern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, October.
    10. Mohineeta Pandey & Astha Tirkey & Ankesh Tiwari & Sang Soo Lee & Rashmi Dubey & Ki Hyun Kim & Sudhir Kumar Pandey, 2022. "The Environmental Significance of Contaminants of Concern in the Soil–Vegetable Interface: Sources, Accumulation, Health Risks, and Mitigation through Biochar," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-23, November.
    11. Xiaoling Xiong & Jizhi Li & Zejian Lin, 2023. "Evolutionary Game and Simulation Analysis of Participating Subjects in Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Cultivated Land under the Ladder Multiple Supervision Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-20, March.
    12. Yinzhong Ning & Xinmu Zhang & Binzhe Li & Yajing Wang & Jingheng Guo, 2019. "Distribution of Cd and Cu Fractions in Chinese Soils and Their Relationships with Soil pH: A Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-11, January.
    13. Qiang Liu & Yan Cheng & Chunnan Fan, 2023. "Pollution Characteristics and Health Exposure Risks of Heavy Metals in River Water Affected by Human Activities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-14, May.
    14. Gang Liang & Wenwen Gong & Bingru Li & Jimin Zuo & Ligang Pan & Xinhui Liu, 2019. "Analysis of Heavy Metals in Foodstuffs and an Assessment of the Health Risks to the General Public via Consumption in Beijing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-10, March.
    15. Aiman M. Bobaker & Intisar Alakili & Sukiman B. Sarmani & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Zaher Mundher Yaseen, 2019. "Determination and Assessment of the Toxic Heavy Metal Elements Abstracted from the Traditional Plant Cosmetics and Medical Remedies: Case Study of Libya," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-14, June.
    16. Shudi Zuo & Shaoqing Dai & Yaying Li & Jianfeng Tang & Yin Ren, 2018. "Analysis of Heavy Metal Sources in the Soil of Riverbanks Across an Urbanization Gradient," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-23, October.
    17. Min Yang & Jianghua Zhang & Huaqing Chen & Hailing Ke & Youning Xu, 2023. "Human health risk assessment of toxic elements in soils and crops around Xiaoqinling gold-mining area, Northwestern China," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(2), pages 283-303, March.
    18. Fouziya Mabrouk Samhoud & Entesar E. Aboglida & Sameer M. Yaseen & Ali Emran AL shteewi & Saba Z. AL-Abachi, 2022. "Determination Cadmium, Lead And Zinc In Human Hair By Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (Faas)," Journal Clean WAS (JCleanWAS), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 6(1), pages 33-36, October.
    19. Weixin Yang & Lingguang Li, 2017. "Analysis of Total Factor Efficiency of Water Resource and Energy in China: A Study Based on DEA-SBM Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-21, July.
    20. Zhen Wang & Jianguo Bao & Tong Wang & Haseeb Tufail Moryani & Wei Kang & Jin Zheng & Changlin Zhan & Wensheng Xiao, 2021. "Hazardous Heavy Metals Accumulation and Health Risk Assessment of Different Vegetable Species in Contaminated Soils from a Typical Mining City, Central China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-18, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:3:p:424-:d:134012. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.