IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i13p7989-d851685.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Validation of a High Flow Rate Puff Topography System Designed for Measurement of Sub-Ohm, Third Generation Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Evan Floyd

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA)

  • Toluwanimi Oni

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA)

  • Changjie Cai

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA)

  • Bilal Rehman

    (University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA)

  • Jooyeon Hwang

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA)

  • Tyler Watson

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA)

Abstract

There are few known puff topography devices designed solely for gathering electronic cigarette puff topography information, and none made for high-powered sub-ohm devices. Ten replicate Bernoulli flow cells were designed and 3D printed. The relationship between square root of pressure difference and flow rate was determined across 0–70 L/min. One representative flow cell was used to estimate puff volume and flow rate under six simulated puffing regimes (0.710 L, 2.000 L and 3.000 L, at low and high flow rates) to determine the system’s accuracy and utility of using dual pressure sensors for flow measurement. The relationship between flow rate and square root of pressure differential for the ten replicate cells was best fit with a quadratic model (R 2 = 0.9991, p < 0.0001). The higher-pressure sensor was accurate at both low and high flow rates for 0.71 L (102% and 111% respectively), 2.00 L (96% and 103% respectively), and 3.00 L (100.1% and 107% respectively) but the lower-pressure sensor provided no utility, underpredicting volume and flow. This puff topography system generates very little resistance to flow, easily fits between user’s atomizer and mouthpiece, and is calibrated to measure flows up to 70 L/min.

Suggested Citation

  • Evan Floyd & Toluwanimi Oni & Changjie Cai & Bilal Rehman & Jooyeon Hwang & Tyler Watson, 2022. "Validation of a High Flow Rate Puff Topography System Designed for Measurement of Sub-Ohm, Third Generation Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7989-:d:851685
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/13/7989/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/13/7989/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Monique Williams & Prue Talbot, 2019. "Design Features in Multiple Generations of Electronic Cigarette Atomizers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Carmela Protano & Pasquale Avino & Maurizio Manigrasso & Valerio Vivaldi & Franco Perna & Federica Valeriani & Matteo Vitali, 2018. "Environmental Electronic Vape Exposure from Four Different Generations of Electronic Cigarettes: Airborne Particulate Matter Levels," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-10, October.
    3. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos & Giorgio Romagna & Dimitris Tsiapras & Stamatis Kyrzopoulos & Vassilis Voudris, 2013. "Evaluation of Electronic Cigarette Use (Vaping) Topography and Estimation of Liquid Consumption: Implications for Research Protocol Standards Definition and for Public Health Authorities’ Regulation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Rachel Boykan & Maciej L. Goniewicz & Catherine R. Messina, 2019. "Evidence of Nicotine Dependence in Adolescents Who Use Juul and Similar Pod Devices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-6, June.
    5. Evan Floyd & Sara Greenlee & Toluwanimi Oni & Balaji Sadhasivam & Lurdes Queimado, 2021. "The Effect of Flow Rate on a Third-Generation Sub-Ohm Tank Electronic Nicotine Delivery System—Comparison of CORESTA Flow Rates to More Realistic Flow Rates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-13, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stefanie Scheffler & Hauke Dieken & Olaf Krischenowski & Christine Förster & Detlev Branscheid & Michaela Aufderheide, 2015. "Evaluation of E-Cigarette Liquid Vapor and Mainstream Cigarette Smoke after Direct Exposure of Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, April.
    2. Mariangela Peruzzi & Elena Cavarretta & Giacomo Frati & Roberto Carnevale & Fabio Miraldi & Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai & Sebastiano Sciarretta & Francesco Versaci & Vittoria Cammalleri & Pasquale Avino & , 2020. "Comparative Indoor Pollution from Glo, Iqos, and Juul, Using Traditional Combustion Cigarettes as Benchmark: Evidence from the Randomized SUR-VAPES AIR Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-13, August.
    3. Dominic L. Palazzolo & Jordan Caudill & James Baron & Kevin Cooper, 2021. "Fabrication and Validation of an Economical, Programmable, Dual-Channel, Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Generator," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-26, December.
    4. Christian Giroud & Mariangela De Cesare & Aurélie Berthet & Vincent Varlet & Nicolas Concha-Lozano & Bernard Favrat, 2015. "E-Cigarettes: A Review of New Trends in Cannabis Use," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-21, August.
    5. Vittoria Cammalleri & Daniela Marotta & Carmela Protano & Matteo Vitali & Paolo Villari & Maria Sofia Cattaruzza & on behalf of the Smoke-free Department Working Group, 2020. "How Do Combustion and Non-Combustion Products Used Outdoors Affect Outdoor and Indoor Particulate Matter Levels? A Field Evaluation Near the Entrance of an Italian University Library," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
    6. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos & Giorgio Romagna & Elena Allifranchini & Emiliano Ripamonti & Elena Bocchietto & Stefano Todeschi & Dimitris Tsiapras & Stamatis Kyrzopoulos & Vassilis Voudris, 2013. "Comparison of the Cytotoxic Potential of Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Vapour Extract on Cultured Myocardial Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.
    7. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos & Vassilis Voudris & Konstantinos Poulas, 2015. "Are Metals Emitted from Electronic Cigarettes a Reason for Health Concern? A Risk-Assessment Analysis of Currently Available Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-18, May.
    8. Melinda Pénzes & Márta Bakacs & Zoltán Brys & József Vitrai & Gergely Tóth & Zombor Berezvai & Róbert Urbán, 2021. "Vaping-Related Adverse Events and Perceived Health Improvements: A Cross-Sectional Survey among Daily E-Cigarette Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-15, August.
    9. Sandra Joss & Anna Moser & Julian Jakob & Kali Tal & Jean-François Etter & Kevin Selby & Anna Schoeni & Philippe Poirson & Reto Auer, 2021. "Counseling in Vape Shops: A Survey of Vape Shop Managers in Switzerland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-11, October.
    10. Charlotta Pisinger & Sofie K. Bergman Rasmussen, 2022. "The Health Effects of Real-World Dual Use of Electronic and Conventional Cigarettes versus the Health Effects of Exclusive Smoking of Conventional Cigarettes: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-23, October.
    11. Rachel Boykan & Maciej L. Goniewicz & Catherine R. Messina, 2019. "Evidence of Nicotine Dependence in Adolescents Who Use Juul and Similar Pod Devices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-6, June.
    12. Carmela Protano & Maurizio Manigrasso & Vittoria Cammalleri & Giuseppe Biondi Zoccai & Giacomo Frati & Pasquale Avino & Matteo Vitali, 2020. "Impact of Electronic Alternatives to Tobacco Cigarettes on Indoor Air Particular Matter Levels," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-10, April.
    13. Yu Wang & Zongshuan Duan & Scott R. Weaver & Lucy Popova & Claire A. Spears & David L. Ashley & Terry F. Pechacek & Michael P. Eriksen & Jidong Huang, 2022. "Consumption of JUUL vs. Other E-Cigarette Brands among U.S. E-Cigarette Users: Evidence from Wave 5 of the PATH Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-12, August.
    14. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos & I. Gene Gillman & Matt S. Melvin & Amelia R. Paolantonio & Wendy J. Gardow & Kathy E. Humphries & Sherri E. Brown & Konstantinos Poulas & Vassilis Voudris, 2015. "Nicotine Levels and Presence of Selected Tobacco-Derived Toxins in Tobacco Flavoured Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquids," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, March.
    15. Nicholas J. Felicione & K. Michael Cummings & Shannon Gravely & David Hammond & Ann McNeill & Ron Borland & Geoffrey T. Fong & Richard J. O’Connor, 2021. "“Don’t Know” Responses for Nicotine Vaping Product Features among Adult Vapers: Findings from the 2018 and 2020 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-15, July.
    16. Maurizio Manigrasso & Carmela Protano & Matteo Vitali & Pasquale Avino, 2021. "Passive Vaping from Sub-Ohm Electronic Cigarette Devices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-14, November.
    17. Monique Williams & Prue Talbot, 2019. "Design Features in Multiple Generations of Electronic Cigarette Atomizers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-15, August.
    18. Lisa D. Gardner & Sherry T. Liu & Haijun Xiao & Gabriella M. Anic & Karin A. Kasza & Eva Sharma & Andrew J. Hyland, 2022. "Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Device Types and Flavors Used by Youth in the PATH Study, 2016–2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-10, April.
    19. Shilpi Goenka & Sanford R. Simon, 2021. "Effects of E-Cigarette Refill Liquid Flavorings with and without Nicotine on Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: A Preliminary Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-15, November.
    20. Daniela Saitta & Azim Chowdhury & Giancarlo Antonio Ferro & Federico Giuseppe Nalis & Riccardo Polosa, 2017. "A Risk Assessment Matrix for Public Health Principles: The Case for E-Cigarettes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7989-:d:851685. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.