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A Psychoeducational Intervention in Prenatal Classes: Positive Effects on Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Temporal Focus in Birth Attendants

Author

Listed:
  • Pierluigi Diotaiuti

    (Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Valente

    (Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Stefania Mancone

    (Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Lavinia Falese

    (Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Stefano Corrado

    (Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Thais Cristina Siqueira

    (Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88035-901, Brazil)

  • Alexandro Andrade

    (Health and Sports Science Center, Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88035-901, Brazil)

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have reported associations between high maternal anxiety, temporal perceptions during pregnancy, and a poor sense of self-efficacy. One type of anxiety expecting mothers experience is associated with childbirth, which previous studies have shown can be reduced by antenatal training. Recent contributions have pointed out that current prenatal courses, while providing important and useful knowledge, do not devote sufficient content to the mental health of the parturient and to the psychological issues that can arise before and after the birth. Methods: In total, 80 pregnant women were provided with a special prepartum course in which ample space was devoted to topics such as maternal mental health, parenting skills and couple relationship, relaxation techniques, and assertiveness. Perception of threat, state anxiety, temporal focus, needs and expectations, and self-efficacy were assessed by comparing this psychoeducational intervention group with a traditional antenatal course group ( n = 80), and a control group ( n = 80). Two-way mixed ANOVAS (3 × 2) were performed for each dependent variable considered, including the time variable (pre-course–post-course) as a factor within the participants and the group variable as a factor between the subjects. Results: The psychoeducational intervention actually induced significant and positive changes primarily on four dimensions: state anxiety, perceived self-efficacy, the need for information, and reassurance of the pregnant women who participated in this trial. Conclusions: The study suggests improving the quality of prenatal classes by paying particular attention to the content and communication used within the group, in order to gratify at the highest level, the need for information, reassurance, and sharing that characterize the parturient’s request for support. The evidence collected recommends further replicating the intervention protocol described in order to improve the psychophysical well-being of women in a delicate moment such as pregnancy and preparation for childbirth, but especially in terms of the prevention and containment of the risks of psychological distress that currently affect a significant number of women after childbirth.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierluigi Diotaiuti & Giuseppe Valente & Stefania Mancone & Lavinia Falese & Stefano Corrado & Thais Cristina Siqueira & Alexandro Andrade, 2022. "A Psychoeducational Intervention in Prenatal Classes: Positive Effects on Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Temporal Focus in Birth Attendants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7904-:d:849498
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pierluigi Diotaiuti & Stefano Corrado & Stefania Mancone & Lavinia Falese & Angelo Rodio & Thaìs Cristina Siqueira & Alexandro Andrade, 2021. "Influence of Cognitive Orientation and Attentional Focus on Pain Perception," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-13, July.
    2. T. K. Das, 1987. "Strategic planning and individual temporal orientation," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(2), pages 203-209, March.
    3. Fatma Yuksel & Semiha Akin & Zehra Durna, 2014. "Prenatal distress in Turkish pregnant women and factors associated with maternal prenatal distress," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 23(1-2), pages 54-64, January.
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