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Social Environmental Antecedents of Athletes’ Emotions

Author

Listed:
  • Montse C. Ruiz

    (Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

  • Paul R. Appleton

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK)

  • Joan L. Duda

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK)

  • Laura Bortoli

    (BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy)

  • Claudio Robazza

    (BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy)

Abstract

The coach-created motivational climate influences variations in athletes’ motivation and emotional experiences. The present study aimed to examine social environmental antecedents of athletes’ emotions. Participants ( N = 262, 52% female, M age = 22.75 ± 6.92) completed questionnaires assessing perceptions of coach-created motivational climates, goal orientations, motivation regulations, and emotions. The mediation effects of goal orientations (i.e., task/ego) and motivation regulations (i.e., autonomous/controlled) on the relationship between motivational climate (i.e., empowering/disempowering) and emotions (i.e., happiness, excitement, anxiety, dejection, and anger) were examined. Structural equation modeling revealed positive direct effects of perceptions of an empowering motivational climate on happiness. Indirect effects of empowering climate to happiness and excitement via task orientation and autonomous motivation emerged. Perceptions of a disempowering climate positively predicted anxiety, dejection, and anger via ego orientation and controlled motivation. Overall, the findings have implications for coach education as they highlight the importance of creating more empowering environments and avoiding or reducing social comparisons.

Suggested Citation

  • Montse C. Ruiz & Paul R. Appleton & Joan L. Duda & Laura Bortoli & Claudio Robazza, 2021. "Social Environmental Antecedents of Athletes’ Emotions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4997-:d:550771
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saulius Sukys & Enrika Kromerova-Dubinskiene & Paul R. Appleton, 2020. "Validation of the Lithuanian Version of the Coach-Created Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ-C)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Sophie Brasseur & Jacques Grégoire & Romain Bourdu & Moïra Mikolajczak, 2013. "The Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC): Development and Validation of a Self-Reported Measure that Fits Dimensions of Emotional Competence Theory," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-8, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kandianos Emmanouil Sakalidis & Stein Gerrit Paul Menting & Marije Titia Elferink-Gemser & Florentina Johanna Hettinga, 2022. "The Role of the Social Environment in Pacing and Sports Performance: A Narrative Review from a Self-Regulatory Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Kandianos Emmanouil Sakalidis & Stein Gerrit Paul Menting & Florentina Johanna Hettinga, 2023. "The Role of Cognition and Social Factors in Competition: How Do People with Intellectual Disabilities Respond to Opponents?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Caroline Birr & Antonio Hernandez-Mendo & Diogo Monteiro & Antonio Rosado, 2023. "Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Coaching Climate: A Scoping Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, February.
    4. Tamara de la Torre-Cruz & Isabel Luis-Rico & Cristina di Giusto-Valle & María-Camino Escolar-Llamazares & David Hortigüela-Alcalá & Carmen Palmero-Cámara & Alfredo Jiménez, 2021. "A Mediation Model between Self-Esteem, Anxiety, and Depression in Sport: The Role of Gender Differences in Speleologists," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-14, August.
    5. Natalia Martínez-González & Francisco L. Atienza & Joan L. Duda & Isabel Balaguer, 2021. "The Role of Dispositional Orientations and Goal Motives on Athletes’ Well- and Ill-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-12, December.

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