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The Seasonality Impact of the BTEX Pollution on the Atmosphere of Arad City, Romania

Author

Listed:
  • Corina Popitanu

    (Biomedical Sciences Doctoral School, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Gabriela Cioca

    (Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania)

  • Lucian Copolovici

    (Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Institute for Research, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania)

  • Dennis Iosif

    (Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Institute for Research, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania)

  • Florentina-Daniela Munteanu

    (Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Institute for Research, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania)

  • Dana Copolovici

    (Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Institute for Research, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania)

Abstract

Benzene, toluene, and total BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) concentrations registered for one year (2016) have been determined every month for one high-density traffic area. The assessment was performed in Arad City, Romania, to evaluate these pollutants and their influence on the inhabitants’ health. The contaminants were sampled using a static sampling method and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Benzene was the most dominant among the BTEX compounds—the average concentrations ranged from 18.00 ± 1.32 µg m −3 in December to 2.47 ± 0.74 µg m −3 in August. The average toluene concentration over the year was 4.36 ± 2.42 µg m −3 (with a maximum of 9.60 ± 2.39 µg m −3 in November and a minimum of 1.04 ± 0.29 µg m −3 in May). The toluene/benzene ratio (T/B) was around 0.5, indicating substantial contributions from mobile sources (vehicles). The emission and accumulation of different aromatic compounds (especially benzene) could deteriorate the urban air quality. The lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) for benzene was found to be more than 10 −5 in winter, including the inhabitants in the “probable cancer risk” category.

Suggested Citation

  • Corina Popitanu & Gabriela Cioca & Lucian Copolovici & Dennis Iosif & Florentina-Daniela Munteanu & Dana Copolovici, 2021. "The Seasonality Impact of the BTEX Pollution on the Atmosphere of Arad City, Romania," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-11, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4858-:d:548044
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chin-Yu Hsu & Yu-Ting Zeng & Yu-Cheng Chen & Mu-Jean Chen & Shih-Chun Candice Lung & Chih-Da Wu, 2020. "Kriging-Based Land-Use Regression Models That Use Machine Learning Algorithms to Estimate the Monthly BTEX Concentration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Mehrnoosh Abtahi & Yadolah Fakhri & Gea Oliveri Conti & Margherita Ferrante & Mahmoud Taghavi & Javad Tavakoli & Ali Heshmati & Hassan Keramati & Bigard Moradi & Nazak Amanidaz & Amin Mousavi Khanegha, 2018. "The Concentration of BTEX in the Air of Tehran: A Systematic Review-Meta Analysis and Risk Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Puteri Nurafidah Hosaini & Md Firoz Khan & Nur Ili Hamizah Mustaffa & Norhaniza Amil & Noorlin Mohamad & Shoffian Amin Jaafar & Mohd Shahrul Mohd Nadzir & Mohd Talib Latif, 2017. "Concentration and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the ambient air of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 85(1), pages 437-452, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mioara Petrus & Cristina Popa & Ana-Maria Bratu, 2024. "Temporal Variations in Urban Air Pollution during a 2021 Field Campaign: A Case Study of Ethylene, Benzene, Toluene, and Ozone Levels in Southern Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-19, April.

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