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Evaluation of Fluid Loss and Customary Fluid Intake among a Selected Group of Young Swimmers: A Preliminary Field Study

Author

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  • Damian Wiśniewski

    (Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland)

  • Ewa Śliwicka

    (Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland)

  • Jakub Malik

    (Department of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Science, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski

    (Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
    Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 61-871 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

This study aimed to assess fluid loss (FL) and customary fluid intake (FI) during a training session, and the relationship between FL and total body water (TBW) content in a selected group of young swimmers. The study involved 17 (seven females, 10 males) individuals whose anthropometric and body composition analyses and FI during training units were carried out. The total average FI and total actual FL oscillated around 531 mL and −513 mL for the whole study group (469 mL and −284 mL for females, 574 mL and −674 mL for males). The dependent and independent sample t -tests, the Cohen’s d effect size and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were analysed. Significant differences were observed between pre-workout and post-workout body weights after training without FI in the whole group (66.5 kg vs. 66.0 kg, p < 0.001, d = 0.06), in females (61.2 kg vs. 60.9 kg, p = 0.015, d = 0.04) and males (70.3 kg vs. 69.6 kg, p < 0.001, d = 0.9). For the TBW content and fat-free mass (FFM) before and after training, significant differences were observed only in males (TBW: 43.8 L vs. 43.2 L, p = 0.002, d = 0.14; and 62.4% vs. 61.7%, p < 0.001, d = 0.36; FFM: 59.8 kg vs. 59.1 kg, p = 0.002, d = 0.12). Moreover, the relationship between the actual FL and TBW before training was observed in the whole (mL vs. %: r = −0.64, p = 0.006; mL vs. L: r = −0.84, p < 0.001) and the male group (mL vs. L: r = −0.73, p = 0.017). These results indicated FL in young swimmers during training and the relationship between FL and pre-training TBW content, which suggests that it is important to also pay special attention to effective hydration procedures before and during training in aquatic environments.

Suggested Citation

  • Damian Wiśniewski & Ewa Śliwicka & Jakub Malik & Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, 2021. "Evaluation of Fluid Loss and Customary Fluid Intake among a Selected Group of Young Swimmers: A Preliminary Field Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-12, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:3205-:d:520639
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jianfen Zhang & Na Zhang & Songming Du & Hairong He & Yifan Xu & Hao Cai & Xiaohui Guo & Guansheng Ma, 2018. "The Effects of Hydration Status on Cognitive Performances among Young Adults in Hebei, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-12, July.
    2. Francesco Campa & Alessandro Piras & Milena Raffi & Aurelio Trofè & Monica Perazzolo & Gabriele Mascherini & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "The Effects of Dehydration on Metabolic and Neuromuscular Functionality during Cycling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    3. Kenney, E.L. & Long, M.W. & Cradock, A.L. & Gortmaker, S.L., 2015. "Prevalence of inadequate hydration among US children and disparities by gender and race/ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(8), pages 113-118.
    4. Francesco Campa & Catarina Matias & Hannes Gatterer & Stefania Toselli & Josely C. Koury & Angela Andreoli & Giovanni Melchiorri & Luis B. Sardinha & Analiza M. Silva, 2019. "Classic Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Reference Values for Assessing Body Composition in Male and Female Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-12, December.
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