IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i13p4851-d380752.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Bioimpedance Vector Patterns Changes in Response to Swimming Training: An Ecological Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Joana F. Reis

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
    Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal)

  • Catarina N. Matias

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
    Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal)

  • Francesco Campa

    (Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy)

  • José P. Morgado

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
    Instituto Superior de Ciências Educativas, 1500-210 Lisbon, Portugal
    Universidade Europeia, 1500-210 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Paulo Franco

    (Federação Portuguesa de Natação, 1500-210 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Pedro Quaresma

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal)

  • Nuno Almeida

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
    Instituto Superior de Ciências Educativas, 1500-210 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Dalia Curto

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal)

  • Stefania Toselli

    (Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy)

  • Cristina P. Monteiro

    (Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
    Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal)

Abstract

Background and aim: Monitoring bioelectric phase angle (PhA) provides important information on the health and the condition of the athlete. Together with the vector length, PhA constitutes the bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) patterns, and their joint interpretation exceeds the limits of the evaluation of the PhA alone. The present investigation aimed to monitor changes in the BIVA patterns during a training macrocycle in swimmers, trying to ascertain if these parameters are sensitive to training load changes across a 13-week training period. Methods: Twelve national and international level swimmers (four females; eight males; 20.9 ± 1.9 years; with a competitive swimming background of 11.3 ± 1.8 years; undertaking 16–20 h of pool training and 4–5 h of dry-land training per week and 822.0 ± 59.0 International Swimming Federation (FINA) points) were evaluated for resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) using a single frequency phase sensitive bioimpedance device at the beginning of the macrocycle (M1), just before the beginning of the taper period (M2), and just before the main competition of the macrocycle (M3). At the three-time assessment points, swimmers also performed a 50 m all-out first stroke sprint with track start (T50 m) while time was recorded. Results: The results of the Hotelling T 2 test showed a significant vector displacement due to simultaneous R and Xc changes ( p < 0.001), where shifting from top to bottom along the major axis of the R-Xc graph from M1 to M2 was observed. From M2 to M3, a vector displacement up and left along the minor axis of the tolerance ellipses resulted in an increase in PhA ( p < 0.01). The results suggest a gain in fluid with a decrease in cellular density from M1 to M2 due to decrements in R and Xc. Nevertheless, the reduced training load characterizing taper seemed to allow for an increase in PhA and, most importantly, an increase of Xc, thus demonstrating improved cellular health and physical condition, which was concomitant with a significant increase in the T50 m performance ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: PhA, obtained by bioelectrical R and Xc, can be useful in monitoring the condition of swimmers preparing for competition. Monitoring BIVA patterns allows for an ecological approach to the swimmers’ health and condition assessment without resorting to equations to predict the related body composition variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Joana F. Reis & Catarina N. Matias & Francesco Campa & José P. Morgado & Paulo Franco & Pedro Quaresma & Nuno Almeida & Dalia Curto & Stefania Toselli & Cristina P. Monteiro, 2020. "Bioimpedance Vector Patterns Changes in Response to Swimming Training: An Ecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-10, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:13:p:4851-:d:380752
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/13/4851/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/13/4851/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Francesco Campa & Catarina Matias & Hannes Gatterer & Stefania Toselli & Josely C. Koury & Angela Andreoli & Giovanni Melchiorri & Luis B. Sardinha & Analiza M. Silva, 2019. "Classic Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Reference Values for Assessing Body Composition in Male and Female Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Francesco Campa & Alessandro Piras & Milena Raffi & Aurelio Trofè & Monica Perazzolo & Gabriele Mascherini & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "The Effects of Dehydration on Metabolic and Neuromuscular Functionality during Cycling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Elisabetta Marini & Roberto Buffa & Luis Alberto Gobbo & Guillermo Salinas-Escudero & Silvia Stagi & Carmen García-Peña & Sergio Sánchez-García & María Fernanda Carrillo-Vega, 2020. "Interpopulation Similarity of Sex and Age-Related Body Composition Variations Among Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-9, August.
    2. Floris C. Wardenaar & Daniel Thompsett & Kaila A. Vento & Kathryn Pesek & Dean Bacalzo, 2021. "Athletes’ Self-Assessment of Urine Color Using Two Color Charts to Determine Urine Concentration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-11, April.
    3. Catarina N. Matias & Stefania Toselli & Cristina P. Monteiro & Francesco Campa, 2022. "Editorial: New Training Strategies and Evaluation Methods for Improving Health and Physical Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-4, May.
    4. Francesco Campa & Analiza M. Silva & Catarina N. Matias & Cristina P. Monteiro & Antonio Paoli & João Pedro Nunes & Jacopo Talluri & Henry Lukaski & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "Body Water Content and Morphological Characteristics Modify Bioimpedance Vector Patterns in Volleyball, Soccer, and Rugby Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-12, September.
    5. Ivo B. Regli & Rachel Turner & Simon Woyke & Simon Rauch & Hermann Brugger & Hannes Gatterer, 2021. "Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis: A Valuable Tool to Monitor Daily Body Hydration Dynamics at Altitude," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-10, May.
    6. Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez & Juan Pedro Fuentes-García & Ricardo J. Fernandes & João Paulo Vilas-Boas, 2021. "Psychological and Physiological Features Associated with Swimming Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-11, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Francesco Campa & Analiza M. Silva & Catarina N. Matias & Cristina P. Monteiro & Antonio Paoli & João Pedro Nunes & Jacopo Talluri & Henry Lukaski & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "Body Water Content and Morphological Characteristics Modify Bioimpedance Vector Patterns in Volleyball, Soccer, and Rugby Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Damian Wiśniewski & Ewa Śliwicka & Jakub Malik & Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, 2021. "Evaluation of Fluid Loss and Customary Fluid Intake among a Selected Group of Young Swimmers: A Preliminary Field Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Stefania Toselli, 2021. "Body Composition and Physical Health in Sports Practice: An Editorial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-4, April.
    4. Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gąsior & Monika Piwowar & Joanna Zając, 2021. "Segmental Phase Angle and Body Composition Fluctuation of Elite Ski Jumpers between Summer and Winter FIS Competitions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-17, April.
    5. Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez & María Martínez-Olcina & María Hernández-García & Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias & Javier Sánchez-Sánchez & Daniel Lara-Cobos & Manuel Vicente-Martínez & Maria José Carvalho & Jua, 2021. "Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Body Composition and Performance in Beach Handball Players: A Cross Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Marcus Vinicius de Oliveira Cattem & Bruna Taranto Sinforoso & Francesco Campa & Josely Correa Koury, 2021. "Bioimpedance Vector Patterns according to Age and Handgrip Strength in Adolescent Male and Female Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-11, June.
    7. Yunqi Tang & Donghai Wang & Yong Wang & Keyi Yin & Cui Zhang & Limin Zou & Yu Liu, 2020. "Do Surface Slope and Posture Influence Lower Extremity Joint Kinetics during Cycling?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-12, April.
    8. Francisco Pradas & David Falcón & Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano & Víctor Toro-Román & Luis Carrasco & Carlos Castellar, 2021. "Effects of Ultratrail Running on Neuromuscular Function, Muscle Damage and Hydration Status. Differences According to Training Level," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-14, May.
    9. Francesco Campa & Alessandro Piras & Milena Raffi & Aurelio Trofè & Monica Perazzolo & Gabriele Mascherini & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "The Effects of Dehydration on Metabolic and Neuromuscular Functionality during Cycling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    10. Stefania Toselli & Elisabetta Marini & Pasqualino Maietta Latessa & Luca Benedetti & Francesco Campa, 2020. "Maturity Related Differences in Body Composition Assessed by Classic and Specific Bioimpedance Vector Analysis among Male Elite Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-10, January.
    11. Ruben Francisco & Catarina N. Matias & Diana A. Santos & Francesco Campa & Claudia S. Minderico & Paulo Rocha & Steven B. Heymsfield & Henry Lukaski & Luís B. Sardinha & Analiza M. Silva, 2020. "The Predictive Role of Raw Bioelectrical Impedance Parameters in Water Compartments and Fluid Distribution Assessed by Dilution Techniques in Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, January.
    12. Alessandro Piras & Lorenzo Zini & Aurelio Trofè & Francesco Campa & Milena Raffi, 2021. "Effects of Acute Microcurrent Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Function and Subsequent Recovery Strategy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-15, April.
    13. Ivo B. Regli & Rachel Turner & Simon Woyke & Simon Rauch & Hermann Brugger & Hannes Gatterer, 2021. "Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis: A Valuable Tool to Monitor Daily Body Hydration Dynamics at Altitude," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-10, May.
    14. Francesco Campa & Catarina N. Matias & Pantelis T. Nikolaidis & Henry Lukaski & Jacopo Talluri & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "Prediction of Somatotype from Bioimpedance Analysis in Elite Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-10, November.
    15. Stefania Toselli & Georgian Badicu & Laura Bragonzoni & Federico Spiga & Paolo Mazzuca & Francesco Campa, 2020. "Comparison of the Effect of Different Resistance Training Frequencies on Phase Angle and Handgrip Strength in Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    16. Floris C. Wardenaar & Daniel Thompsett & Kaila A. Vento & Kathryn Pesek & Dean Bacalzo, 2021. "Athletes’ Self-Assessment of Urine Color Using Two Color Charts to Determine Urine Concentration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-11, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:13:p:4851-:d:380752. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.