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Classic Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Reference Values for Assessing Body Composition in Male and Female Athletes

Author

Listed:
  • Francesco Campa

    (Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Catarina Matias

    (Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal)

  • Hannes Gatterer

    (Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 40121 Bolzano, Italy)

  • Stefania Toselli

    (Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy)

  • Josely C. Koury

    (Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil)

  • Angela Andreoli

    (Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00175 Rome, Italy)

  • Giovanni Melchiorri

    (Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00175 Rome, Italy)

  • Luis B. Sardinha

    (Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal)

  • Analiza M. Silva

    (Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal)

Abstract

Bioimpedance standards are well established for the normal healthy population and in clinical settings, but they are not available for many sports categories. The aim of this study was to develop reference values for male and female athletes using classic bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA). In this study, 1556 athletes engaged in different sports were evaluated during their off-season period. A tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analyzer was used to determine measurements of resistance (R) and reactance (Xc). The classic BIVA procedure, which corrects bioelectrical values for body height, was applied, and fat-free mass, fat mass, and total body water were estimated. In order to verify the need for specific references, classic bioelectrical values were compared to the reference values for the general male and female populations. Additionally, athletes were divided into three groups: endurance, velocity/power, and team sports. In comparison with the general healthy male and female populations, the mean vectors of the athletes showed a shift to the left on the R–Xc graph. Considering the same set of modalities, BIVA confidence graphs showed that male and female endurance athletes presented lower body fluids, fat mass, and fat-free mass than other sets of modalities. This study provides BIVA reference values for an athletic population that can be used as a standard for assessing body composition in male and female athletes.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Campa & Catarina Matias & Hannes Gatterer & Stefania Toselli & Josely C. Koury & Angela Andreoli & Giovanni Melchiorri & Luis B. Sardinha & Analiza M. Silva, 2019. "Classic Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Reference Values for Assessing Body Composition in Male and Female Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:24:p:5066-:d:297036
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Francesco Campa & Analiza Monica Silva & Vincenzo Iannuzzi & Gabriele Mascherini & Luca Benedetti & Stefania Toselli, 2019. "The Role of Somatic Maturation on Bioimpedance Patterns and Body Composition in Male Elite Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-11, November.
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    1. Marcus Vinicius de Oliveira Cattem & Bruna Taranto Sinforoso & Francesco Campa & Josely Correa Koury, 2021. "Bioimpedance Vector Patterns according to Age and Handgrip Strength in Adolescent Male and Female Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-11, June.
    2. Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gąsior & Monika Piwowar & Joanna Zając, 2021. "Segmental Phase Angle and Body Composition Fluctuation of Elite Ski Jumpers between Summer and Winter FIS Competitions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-17, April.
    3. Stefania Toselli & Elisabetta Marini & Pasqualino Maietta Latessa & Luca Benedetti & Francesco Campa, 2020. "Maturity Related Differences in Body Composition Assessed by Classic and Specific Bioimpedance Vector Analysis among Male Elite Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-10, January.
    4. Ruben Francisco & Catarina N. Matias & Diana A. Santos & Francesco Campa & Claudia S. Minderico & Paulo Rocha & Steven B. Heymsfield & Henry Lukaski & Luís B. Sardinha & Analiza M. Silva, 2020. "The Predictive Role of Raw Bioelectrical Impedance Parameters in Water Compartments and Fluid Distribution Assessed by Dilution Techniques in Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, January.
    5. Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez & María Martínez-Olcina & María Hernández-García & Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias & Javier Sánchez-Sánchez & Daniel Lara-Cobos & Manuel Vicente-Martínez & Maria José Carvalho & Jua, 2021. "Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Body Composition and Performance in Beach Handball Players: A Cross Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Stefania Toselli, 2021. "Body Composition and Physical Health in Sports Practice: An Editorial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-4, April.
    7. Francesco Campa & Catarina N. Matias & Pantelis T. Nikolaidis & Henry Lukaski & Jacopo Talluri & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "Prediction of Somatotype from Bioimpedance Analysis in Elite Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-10, November.
    8. Joana F. Reis & Catarina N. Matias & Francesco Campa & José P. Morgado & Paulo Franco & Pedro Quaresma & Nuno Almeida & Dalia Curto & Stefania Toselli & Cristina P. Monteiro, 2020. "Bioimpedance Vector Patterns Changes in Response to Swimming Training: An Ecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-10, July.
    9. Stefania Toselli & Georgian Badicu & Laura Bragonzoni & Federico Spiga & Paolo Mazzuca & Francesco Campa, 2020. "Comparison of the Effect of Different Resistance Training Frequencies on Phase Angle and Handgrip Strength in Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    10. Damian Wiśniewski & Ewa Śliwicka & Jakub Malik & Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski, 2021. "Evaluation of Fluid Loss and Customary Fluid Intake among a Selected Group of Young Swimmers: A Preliminary Field Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-12, March.
    11. Francesco Campa & Alessandro Piras & Milena Raffi & Aurelio Trofè & Monica Perazzolo & Gabriele Mascherini & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "The Effects of Dehydration on Metabolic and Neuromuscular Functionality during Cycling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    12. Francesco Campa & Analiza M. Silva & Catarina N. Matias & Cristina P. Monteiro & Antonio Paoli & João Pedro Nunes & Jacopo Talluri & Henry Lukaski & Stefania Toselli, 2020. "Body Water Content and Morphological Characteristics Modify Bioimpedance Vector Patterns in Volleyball, Soccer, and Rugby Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-12, September.
    13. Ivo B. Regli & Rachel Turner & Simon Woyke & Simon Rauch & Hermann Brugger & Hannes Gatterer, 2021. "Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis: A Valuable Tool to Monitor Daily Body Hydration Dynamics at Altitude," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-10, May.

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