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An Investigation into Smartphone Addiction with Personality and Sleep Quality among University Students

Author

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  • Hsien-Yuan Lane

    (Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
    Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
    Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
    Both authors contributed equally as the first author.)

  • Chin-Jui Chang

    (Department of Public Policy and Administration, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
    Both authors contributed equally as the first author.)

  • Chieh-Liang Huang

    (Department of Psychiatry, Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou 54249, Taiwan)

  • Yun-Hsuan Chang

    (Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
    Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
    Center for Internet Addiction Prevention and Intervention, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
    Clinical Psychological Center, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 41354, Taiwan)

Abstract

Over the past two decades, smartphones have become common, and the accompanying devices have also become much more popular and easily accessible worldwide. With the development of smartphones, accompanied by internet facilities, excessive smartphone use or smartphone addiction may cause sleep disturbance and daily dysfunction. This study proposed examining the association between personality traits and smartphone addiction and its effects on sleep disturbance. Four hundred and twenty-two university participants (80 male and 342 female participants) with a mean age of 20.22 years old were recruited in this study. All participants were asked to complete the following questionnaires: Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI), Tri-dimensional personality questionnaire (TPQ), and Chinese Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index (CPSQI). The results showed that people with a high tendency toward novelty seeking (NS) as a personality trait, compared to those with lower tendency toward NS, are more likely to become addicted to smartphone use. Moreover, those with a stronger trait of being NS and specific impulsivity factor were found to have higher total scores in the SPAI ( p < 0.05). In addition, linear regression analysis showed that the individuals with higher scores for withdrawal symptoms on the SPAI and anticipatory worry factor on the TPQ tended to have higher CPSQI total scores ( p < 0.05). This information may be useful for prevention in individuals with personality traits making them vulnerable to smartphone addiction and for designing intervention programs to reduce intensive smartphone use and programs to increase capability in managing smartphone use.

Suggested Citation

  • Hsien-Yuan Lane & Chin-Jui Chang & Chieh-Liang Huang & Yun-Hsuan Chang, 2021. "An Investigation into Smartphone Addiction with Personality and Sleep Quality among University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7588-:d:595704
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yun-Hsuan Chang & Yun-Ting Lee & Shulan Hsieh, 2019. "Internet Interpersonal Connection Mediates the Association between Personality and Internet Addiction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-11, September.
    2. Lanaj, Klodiana & Johnson, Russell E. & Barnes, Christopher M., 2014. "Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 124(1), pages 11-23.
    3. Lucia Monacis & Mark D. Griffiths & Pierpaolo Limone & Maria Sinatra & Rocco Servidio, 2020. "Selfitis Behavior: Assessing the Italian Version of the Selfitis Behavior Scale and Its Mediating Role in the Relationship of Dark Traits with Social Media Addiction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Wenjie Yang & Nobuaki Morita & Zhijuan Zuo & Kyoko Kawaida & Yasukazu Ogai & Tamaki Saito & Wenyan Hu, 2021. "Maladaptive Perfectionism and Internet Addiction among Chinese College Students: A Moderated Mediation Model of Depression and Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Guangming Li, 2022. "Hierarchical Linear Model of Internet Addiction and Associated Risk Factors in Chinese Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Zubair Ahmed Ratan & Anne-Maree Parrish & Sojib Bin Zaman & Mohammad Saud Alotaibi & Hassan Hosseinzadeh, 2021. "Smartphone Addiction and Associated Health Outcomes in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-17, November.

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