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Evaluation of the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients According to the Presence of Underlying Diseases and Drug Treatment

Author

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  • Ejin Kim

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment and Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yong Chul Kim

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jae Yoon Park

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si 10326, Korea)

  • Jiyun Jung

    (Data management and Statistics Institute, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si 10326, Korea)

  • Jung Pyo Lee

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
    Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
    Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Korea)

  • Ho Kim

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Environment and Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

Abstract

Certain underlying diseases such as diabetic mellitus and hypertension are a risk factor for the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. Furthermore, both angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are controversial at role in the process of COVID-19 cases. The aim of the study was to investigate whether underlying diseases and taking ACEi/ARBs, affect the duration of hospitalization and mortality in patients with confirmed COVID-19. Medical usage claims data for the past three years until 15 May 2020, from the “CORONA-19 International Cooperation Research” project was used. We analyzed the medical insurance claims data for all 7590 coronavirus (COVID-19) patients confirmed by RT-PCR tests nationwide up to 15 May 2020. Among the comorbidities, a history of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.056–2.158) and diabetes (HR, 1.867; 95% CI, 1.408–2.475) were associated significantly with mortality. Furthermore, heart failure (HR, 1.391; 95% CI, 1.027–1.884), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR, 1.615; 95% CI, 1.185–2.202), chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.451; 95% CI, 1.018–2.069), mental disorder (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.106–2.343), end stage renal disease (HR, 5.353; 95% CI, 2.185–13.12) were also associated significantly with mortality. The underlying disease has increased the risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19. Diabetes, hypertension, cancer, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and mental disorders increased mortality. Controversial whether taking ACEi/ARBs would benefit COVID-19 patients, in our study, patients taking ACEi/ARBs had a higher risk of mortality.

Suggested Citation

  • Ejin Kim & Yong Chul Kim & Jae Yoon Park & Jiyun Jung & Jung Pyo Lee & Ho Kim, 2021. "Evaluation of the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients According to the Presence of Underlying Diseases and Drug Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5342-:d:556367
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jaber S Alqahtani & Tope Oyelade & Abdulelah M Aldhahir & Saeed M Alghamdi & Mater Almehmadi & Abdullah S Alqahtani & Shumonta Quaderi & Swapna Mandal & John R Hurst, 2020. "Prevalence, Severity and Mortality associated with COPD and Smoking in patients with COVID-19: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(5), pages 1-13, May.
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