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Perceived Factors of Stress and Its Outcomes among Hotel Housekeepers in the Balearic Islands: A Qualitative Approach from a Gender Perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Xenia Chela-Alvarez

    (Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, Balearic Islands Health Services, 07003 Palma, Spain)

  • Oana Bulilete

    (Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, Balearic Islands Health Services, 07003 Palma, Spain)

  • M. Esther García-Buades

    (Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain)

  • Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez

    (Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain)

  • Joan Llobera-Canaves

    (Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, Balearic Islands Health Services, 07003 Palma, Spain)

Abstract

Tourism is the main economic sector in the Balearic Islands (Spain) and hotel housekeepers (HHs) are a large occupational group, in which stress is becoming a major issue. This study aims at exploring in-depth factors perceived as stressors by HHs and key-informants, and their effects on work-life balance (WLB). A qualitative design with phenomenological approach was used, conducting six focus groups with 34 HHs and 10 individual interviews with key-informants. Results were analyzed adopting the job demands-resources model and a gender perspective. High demands, e.g., work overload, time pressure, physical burden…, lack of enough resources and little control, derived from role conflict, unexpected events…, were the most important factors explaining HHs’ stress. Additionally, this imbalance was perceived as leading to health problems, mainly musculoskeletal disorders. Working schedule was mentioned as a facilitator to WLB, whereas an imbalance between job demands and resources led to work-home conflict, preventing them from enjoying leisure time. Multiple roles at work and at home increased their stress. HHs experienced their job as invisible and unrecognised. Regarding practical implications, our recommendations for hotel organization include reducing workload and increasing resources, which would improve the job demands-resource balance, diminish negative mental and physical outcomes and improve WLB.

Suggested Citation

  • Xenia Chela-Alvarez & Oana Bulilete & M. Esther García-Buades & Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez & Joan Llobera-Canaves, 2020. "Perceived Factors of Stress and Its Outcomes among Hotel Housekeepers in the Balearic Islands: A Qualitative Approach from a Gender Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2020:i:1:p:52-:d:467109
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Hoel, Helge. & Einarsen, Ståle., 2003. "Violence at work in hotels, catering and tourism," ILO Working Papers 993655413402676, International Labour Organization.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cristian Sánchez-Rodríguez & Oana Bulilete & Xenia Chela-Alvarez & Olga Velasco-Roldán & Joan Llobera-Canaves, 2022. "Chronic Pain and Work Conditions of Hotel Housekeepers: A Descriptive Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.

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