IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v16y2019i3p302-d200188.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Hydrochemical Analysis and Fuzzy Logic Method for Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the North Chengdu Plain, China

Author

Listed:
  • Adam Khalifa Mohamed

    (Faculty of Geoscience and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
    Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11111, Sudan)

  • Dan Liu

    (Faculty of Geoscience and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China)

  • Kai Song

    (Faculty of Geoscience and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China)

  • Mohamed A. A. Mohamed

    (Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11111, Sudan)

  • Elsiddig Aldaw

    (Faculty of Geoscience and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
    Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11111, Sudan)

  • Basheer A. Elubid

    (Faculty of Geoscience and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China)

Abstract

Groundwater is a major water resource in the North Chengdu Plain, China. The research objective is to determine the quality and suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes within the vicinity of a shallow, unconsolidated aquifer of Quaternary age. In this study, a detailed investigation was conducted to define the hydrochemical characteristics that control the quality of groundwater, based on traditional methods. Considering the uncertainties linked with water resources and the environmental complications, the fuzzy logic method was used in the determination of groundwater quality for more precise findings that support decision-making. To achieve such an objective, sixteen water quality guidelines were used to determine groundwater quality status in six selected wells. The results showed that the groundwater is neutral, very hard, and fresh in nature. Dominating cations and anions are in the order of Ca 2 + > Na + > Mg 2 + > K + and HCO 3 − > SO 4 2 − > Cl − . The Piper trilinear diagram demonstrates that the hydrochemical facies of groundwater are mostly of Ca-HCO 3 type. Statistical analysis denotes a positive correlation between most of the chemical parameters. The study took the results of the fuzzy logic evaluation method into consideration, to classify the samples into five groups according to the Chinese groundwater quality standard (GB/T 14848-93) for their suitability for domestic use. The results demonstrated that the quality of the groundwater samples is within grade II and III, and is suitable for drinking purposes. The comprehensive evaluation of groundwater quality is critical to aid sensitive policy decisions, and the proposed approach can guarantee reliable findings to that effect. The results of this study would also be helpful to future researches related to groundwater quality assessment.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Khalifa Mohamed & Dan Liu & Kai Song & Mohamed A. A. Mohamed & Elsiddig Aldaw & Basheer A. Elubid, 2019. "Hydrochemical Analysis and Fuzzy Logic Method for Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the North Chengdu Plain, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-21, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:3:p:302-:d:200188
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/3/302/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/3/302/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. R. Srinivas & Ajit Pratap Singh & Rishikesh Sharma, 2017. "A Scenario Based Impact Assessment of Trace Metals on Ecosystem of River Ganges Using Multivariate Analysis Coupled with Fuzzy Decision-Making Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(13), pages 4165-4185, October.
    2. H. Assaf & M. Saadeh, 2009. "Geostatistical Assessment of Groundwater Nitrate Contamination with Reflection on DRASTIC Vulnerability Assessment: The Case of the Upper Litani Basin, Lebanon," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(4), pages 775-796, March.
    3. Prashant Kumar & Praveen Kumar Thakur & Baban K. S. Bansod & Sanjit K. Debnath, 2018. "Groundwater: a regional resource and a regional governance," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 1133-1151, June.
    4. Pier Paolo Miglietta & Pierluigi Toma & Francesco Paolo Fanizzi & Antonella De Donno & Benedetta Coluccia & Danilo Migoni & Francesco Bagordo & Francesca Serio, 2017. "A Grey Water Footprint Assessment of Groundwater Chemical Pollution: Case Study in Salento (Southern Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-10, May.
    5. Zhenhuan Liu & Haiyan Yang, 2018. "The Impacts of Spatiotemporal Landscape Changes on Water Quality in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-14, May.
    6. Mohammad Reza Vesali Naseh & Roohollah Noori & Ronny Berndtsson & Jan Adamowski & Elaheh Sadatipour, 2018. "Groundwater Pollution Sources Apportionment in the Ghaen Plain, Iran," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marwan Ghanem & África de la Hera-Portillo & Alsharifa Hind Mohammad & Nour-Eddine Laftouhi & Badiaa Chulli & Fagr Kh. Abdel-Gawad, 2022. "The Geodiversity of Springs in the Potential Jericho Geopark/Palestine," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Nouri, Milad & Homaee, Mehdi & Pereira, Luis S. & Bybordi, Mohammad, 2023. "Water management dilemma in the agricultural sector of Iran: A review focusing on water governance," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    3. Chen Yue & Yong Qian & Feng Liu & Xiangxiang Cui & Suhua Meng, 2023. "Analysis of Ningxia Hui Autonomous District’s Gray Water Footprint from the Perspective of Water Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Ching-Ping Liang & Cheng-Shin Jang & Cheng-Wei Liang & Jui-Sheng Chen, 2016. "Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment of the Pingtung Plain in Southern Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Marco Race & Alberto Ferraro & Massimiliano Fabbricino & Agostino La Marca & Antonio Panico & Danilo Spasiano & Alice Tognacchini & Francesco Pirozzi, 2018. "Ethylenediamine- N , N ′-Disuccinic Acid (EDDS)—Enhanced Flushing Optimization for Contaminated Agricultural Soil Remediation and Assessment of Prospective Cu and Zn Transport," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-13, March.
    6. Mohammad Kamali & Rouzbeh Nazari & Alireza Faridhosseini & Hossein Ansari & Saeid Eslamian, 2015. "The Determination of Reference Evapotranspiration for Spatial Distribution Mapping Using Geostatistics," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(11), pages 3929-3940, September.
    7. Kai Zhang & Shunjie Wang & Shuyu Liu & Kunlun Liu & Jiayu Yan & Xuejia Li, 2022. "Water Environment Quality Evaluation and Pollutant Source Analysis in Tuojiang River Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.
    8. Basheer A. Elubid & Tao Huang & Ekhlas H. Ahmed & Jianfei Zhao & Khalid. M. Elhag & Waleed Abbass & Mohammed M. Babiker, 2019. "Geospatial Distributions of Groundwater Quality in Gedaref State Using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-20, February.
    9. Sérgio Mateus Chilaule & Mercedes Vélez-Nicolás & Verónica Ruiz-Ortiz & Ángel Sánchez-Bellón & Santiago García-López, 2023. "Assessment of Intrinsic Vulnerability Using DRASTIC vs. Actual Nitrate Pollution: The Case of a Detrital Aquifer Impacted by Intensive Agriculture in Cádiz (Southern Spain)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-19, May.
    10. Aminreza Neshat & Biswajeet Pradhan, 2015. "Risk assessment of groundwater pollution with a new methodological framework: application of Dempster–Shafer theory and GIS," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 78(3), pages 1565-1585, September.
    11. Giovanni De Filippis & Prisco Piscitelli & Idelberto Francesco Castorini & Anna Maria Raho & Adele Idolo & Nicola Ungaro & Filomena Lacarbonara & Erminia Sgaramella & Vito Laghezza & Donatella Chionna, 2020. "Water Quality Assessment: A Quali-Quantitative Method for Evaluation of Environmental Pressures Potentially Impacting on Groundwater, Developed under the M.I.N.O.Re. Project," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-14, March.
    12. Lazhar Belkhiri & Tahoora Narany, 2015. "Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Geostatistical Techniques and Structural Equation Modeling to Identify Spatial Variability of Groundwater Quality," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(6), pages 2073-2089, April.
    13. Xing, Shiqi & Batabyal, Amitrajeet, 2019. "A Safe Minimum Standard, an Elasticity of Substitution, and the Cleanup of the Ganges in Varanasi," MPRA Paper 93846, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Mar 2019.
    14. Jayanath Ananda & Mohamed Aheeyar, 2020. "An evaluation of groundwater institutions in India: a property rights perspective," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(6), pages 5731-5749, August.
    15. Isabella Gambino & Francesco Bagordo & Benedetta Coluccia & Tiziana Grassi & Giovanni De Filippis & Prisco Piscitelli & Biagio Galante & Federica De Leo, 2020. "PET-Bottled Water Consumption in View of a Circular Economy: The Case Study of Salento (South Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-13, September.
    16. Diego Voccia & Giacomo Mortella & Federico Ferrari & Maria Chiara Fontanella & Marco Trevisan & Lucrezia Lamastra, 2022. "The Anthropic Pressure on the Grey Water Footprint: The Case of the Vulnerable Areas of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-13, December.
    17. Baalousha, Husam, 2010. "Assessment of a groundwater quality monitoring network using vulnerability mapping and geostatistics: A case study from Heretaunga Plains, New Zealand," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(2), pages 240-246, February.
    18. Naoum Tsolakis & Jagjit Singh Srai & Eirini Aivazidou, 2018. "Blue Water Footprint Management in a UK Poultry Supply Chain under Environmental Regulatory Constraints," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-13, February.
    19. Lior Netzer & Noam Weisbrod & Daniel Kurtzman & Ahmed Nasser & Ellen Graber & Daniel Ronen, 2011. "Observations on Vertical Variability in Groundwater Quality: Implications for Aquifer Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(5), pages 1315-1324, March.
    20. Francesca Serio & Lucia Martella & Giovanni Imbriani & Adele Idolo & Francesco Bagordo & Antonella De Donno, 2021. "The Water Safety Plan Approach: Application to Small Drinking-Water Systems—Case Studies in Salento (South Italy)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-21, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:3:p:302-:d:200188. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.