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Ethylenediamine- N , N ′-Disuccinic Acid (EDDS)—Enhanced Flushing Optimization for Contaminated Agricultural Soil Remediation and Assessment of Prospective Cu and Zn Transport

Author

Listed:
  • Marco Race

    (Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Alberto Ferraro

    (Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy)

  • Massimiliano Fabbricino

    (Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Agostino La Marca

    (Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy)

  • Antonio Panico

    (Telematic University Pegaso, Piazza Trieste e Trento 48, 80132 Naples, Italy)

  • Danilo Spasiano

    (Department of Environmental, Building, Civil Engineering and Chemistry, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona n.4, 70126 Bari, Italy)

  • Alice Tognacchini

    (Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Soil Research, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
    Alchemia-nova GmbH, Baumgartenstrasse 93, 1140 Vienna, Austria)

  • Francesco Pirozzi

    (Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

This paper presents the results of an experimental study aimed at investigating the effect of operative parameters on the efficiency of a soil flushing process, conducted on real contaminated soil containing high amounts of Cu and Zn. Soil flushing tests were carried out with Ethylenediamine- N , N ′-disuccinic acid (EDDS) as a flushing agent due to its high biodegradability and environmentally friendly characteristics. Process parameters such as Empty-Bed Contact Time (EBCT) and EDDS solution molarity were varied from 21–33 h and from 0.36–3.6 mM, respectively. Effects on the mobility of cations such as Fe and Mn were also investigated. Results showed that very high performances can be obtained at [EDDS] = 3.6 mM and EBCT = 33 h. In these conditions, in fact, the amount of removed Cu was 53%, and the amount of removed Zn was 46%. Metal distribution at different depths from the top surface revealed that Cu has higher mobility than Zn. The process results were strongly dependent on the exchange of metals due to the different stability constants of the EDDS complexes. Finally, results from a comparative study showed that soil washing treatment reached the same removal efficiency of the flushing process in a shorter time but required a larger amount of the EDDS solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Race & Alberto Ferraro & Massimiliano Fabbricino & Agostino La Marca & Antonio Panico & Danilo Spasiano & Alice Tognacchini & Francesco Pirozzi, 2018. "Ethylenediamine- N , N ′-Disuccinic Acid (EDDS)—Enhanced Flushing Optimization for Contaminated Agricultural Soil Remediation and Assessment of Prospective Cu and Zn Transport," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-13, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:3:p:543-:d:136861
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ludovico Pontoni & Eric D. Van Hullebusch & Yoan Pechaud & Massimiliano Fabbricino & Giovanni Esposito & Francesco Pirozzi, 2016. "Colloidal Mobilization and Fate of Trace Heavy Metals in Semi-Saturated Artificial Soil (OECD) Irrigated with Treated Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Di Zhang & Xingxiang Wang & Zhigao Zhou, 2017. "Impacts of Small-Scale Industrialized Swine Farming on Local Soil, Water and Crop Qualities in a Hilly Red Soil Region of Subtropical China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, December.
    3. Yaya Liang & Xiaoyun Yi & Zhi Dang & Qin Wang & Houmei Luo & Jie Tang, 2017. "Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in the Vicinity of a Tailing Pond in Guangdong, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Manoj Kumar & AL. Ramanathan, 2018. "Vertical Geochemical Variations and Speciation Studies of As, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu in the Sediments of the Central Gangetic Basin: Sequential Extraction and Statistical Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-22, January.
    5. Massimiliano Fabbricino & Alberto Ferraro & Vincenzo Luongo & Ludovico Pontoni & Marco Race, 2018. "Soil Washing Optimization, Recycling of the Solution, and Ecotoxicity Assessment for the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Sites Using EDDS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-12, February.
    6. Mohammad Reza Vesali Naseh & Roohollah Noori & Ronny Berndtsson & Jan Adamowski & Elaheh Sadatipour, 2018. "Groundwater Pollution Sources Apportionment in the Ghaen Plain, Iran," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, January.
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    5. Angela Gorgoglione & Fabián A. Bombardelli & Bruno J. L. Pitton & Lorence R. Oki & Darren L. Haver & Thomas M. Young, 2018. "Role of Sediments in Insecticide Runoff from Urban Surfaces: Analysis and Modeling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, July.

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