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The Prevalence of Smoking, Determinants and Chance of Psychological Problems among Smokers in an Urban Community Housing Project in Malaysia

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  • Rusdi Abd Rashid

    (University of Malaya Centre of Addiction Sciences (UMCAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Sharmilla Kanagasundram

    (Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Mahmoud Danaee

    (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Hazreen Abdul Majid

    (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman

    (Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Muhsin Ahmad Zahari

    (Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Chong Guan Ng

    (Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Benedict Francis

    (Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Wan Azlinda Irnee Wan Husin

    (University of Malaya Centre of Addiction Sciences (UMCAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Tin Tin Su

    (Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia)

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence, pattern of smoking and sociodemographic factors among Kerinchi residents in Kuala Lumpur, as well as to identify the association between smoking, stress, anxiety and depression. Methods: This study was carried out at four community housing projects in the Lembah Pantai area in Kuala Lumpur. Data was collected between 3 February 2012, and 29 November 2012. Data collectors made house visits and used interviewer administered questionnaires containing questions on demographic data and smoking patterns. Depression anxiety stress scale (DASS) was used to assess psychological symptoms. Alcohol smoking and substance involvement screening tool (ASSIST) scale was used to assess nicotine use. Results: Data from 1989 individuals (833 households) showed the age of respondents ranged from 18 to 89 years and the mean age was 39.12 years. There were 316 smokers indicating the prevalence of smoking was 15.85%, with 35.5% among males and 1.8% among females. Further, 86.6% of smokers were Malay and 87% were Muslims. Divorce was associated with smoking. Unemployment and housewives were less associated with smoking. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with smoking (OR = 1.347. 95% CI: 1.042–1.741) and (OR = 1.401. 95% CI: 1.095–1.793) respectively. Conclusion: Screening for depression and anxiety should be routinely performed in the primary care setting and in population-based health screening to intervene early in patients who smoke.

Suggested Citation

  • Rusdi Abd Rashid & Sharmilla Kanagasundram & Mahmoud Danaee & Hazreen Abdul Majid & Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman & Muhammad Muhsin Ahmad Zahari & Chong Guan Ng & Benedict Francis & Wan Azlinda Irnee Wan Husin, 2019. "The Prevalence of Smoking, Determinants and Chance of Psychological Problems among Smokers in an Urban Community Housing Project in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-9, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:10:p:1762-:d:232316
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Escobedo, L.G. & Peddicord, J.P., 1996. "Smoking prevalence in US birth cohorts: The influence of gender and education," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 86(2), pages 231-236.
    2. Reinskje Talhout & Thomas Schulz & Ewa Florek & Jan Van Benthem & Piet Wester & Antoon Opperhuizen, 2011. "Hazardous Compounds in Tobacco Smoke," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Patton, G.C. & Carlin, J.B. & Coffey, C. & Wolfe, R. & Hibbert, M. & Bowes, G., 1998. "Depression, anxiety, and smoking initiation: A prospective study over 3 years," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 88(10), pages 1518-1522.
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    Cited by:

    1. Juwon Hwang & Porismita Borah, 2022. "Anxiety Disorder and Smoking Behavior: The Moderating Effects of Entertainment and Informational Television Viewing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-13, July.

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