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Education and mental health: Evidence and mechanisms

Author

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  • Jiang, Wei
  • Lu, Yi
  • Xie, Huihua

Abstract

This paper investigates how education affects mental health outcomes by exploiting the compulsory schooling laws implemented in the mid-1980s in China. The laws generated dramatic kinks with small jumps in educational attainment across cohorts. Using a regression probability jump and kink design, our results show that one year of schooling reduces mental health disorders by 0.09 standard deviations. Better-educated individuals are significantly less likely to have felt depressed, nervous or agitated in the past month and less likely to feel hopeless about the future, that everything is difficult or that life is meaningless. The positive effects of education on mental health are more profound for females and individuals from rural areas. Our mechanism analysis suggests that education-induced resources, cognitive skills, and social integration play significant roles in the effects of education on mental health outcomes in the long run; in total, they can explain more than 60% of the education gradient.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiang, Wei & Lu, Yi & Xie, Huihua, 2020. "Education and mental health: Evidence and mechanisms," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 407-437.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jeborg:v:180:y:2020:i:c:p:407-437
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2020.09.032
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    6. Amin, Vikesh & Fletcher, Jason M & Lu, Qiongshi & Song, Jie, 2023. "Re-examining the relationship between education and adult mental health in the UK: A research note," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    7. Nicholas Biddle & Maria Jahromi, 2023. "Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Labour Market Outcomes and Well‐being," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 99(325), pages 207-237, June.
    8. Fu, Hongqiao & Ge, Run & Huang, Jialin & Shi, Xinzheng, 2022. "The effect of education on health and health behaviors: Evidence from the college enrollment expansion in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    9. Ignacio Amate-Fortes & Almudena Guarnido-Rueda & Diego Martínez-Navarro & Francisco J. Oliver-Márquez, 2023. "Social Isolation, Healthy Habits, Inequality and Mental Health in the United States," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 18(4), pages 1617-1643, August.
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    11. Xuefeng Li & Han Yang & Jin Jia, 2022. "Impact of energy poverty on cognitive and mental health among middle-aged and older adults in China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-13, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education; Mental health; Compulsory schooling laws; Regression probability jump and kink design; Mechanisms;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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