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The Impact of the 2013 Eastern China Smog on Outpatient Visits for Coronary Heart Disease in Shanghai, China

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  • Fang Huang

    (Department of Occupational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
    Department of Occupational Medicine, Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200090, China
    Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Medical School, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Renjie Chen

    (School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yuetian Shen

    (Department of Occupational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
    Department of Occupational Medicine, Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200090, China
    Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Medical School, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China)

  • Haidong Kan

    (School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China)

  • Xingya Kuang

    (Department of Occupational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
    Department of Occupational Medicine, Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200090, China
    Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Medical School, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China)

Abstract

There have been relatively few opportunities to examine the cardiovascular effects of an extreme air pollution event in China. We aimed to examine the impact of the 2013 Eastern China Smog occurring from 2 to 9 December 2013, on outpatient visits for coronary heart diseases (CHD) in a typical hospital in Shanghai, China. We used the over-dispersed, generalized additive model to estimate the relative risk (RR) of the 2013 Eastern China Smog on the outpatient visits by comparing the smog period (2–9 December 2013; 8 days) to the non-smog period (1 November–1 December 2013, and 10 December–28 February 2014; 112 days). This model also controlled for time trends, days of the week, holidays, and meteorological factors. A stratification analysis was performed to estimate sex- and age-specific RRs. The daily average PM 2.5 (fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) concentrations during the smog period were 212 μg/m 3 , which were three times higher than during the non-smog period (76 μg/m 3 ). The smog in Eastern China in 2013 was significantly associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits for CHD. For example, the RR was 1.18 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.32) on lag 0 day. There were similar effects on males and females. Our analyses provided preliminary evidence that smog constituted a significant risk factor of CHD in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Fang Huang & Renjie Chen & Yuetian Shen & Haidong Kan & Xingya Kuang, 2016. "The Impact of the 2013 Eastern China Smog on Outpatient Visits for Coronary Heart Disease in Shanghai, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-6, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:7:p:627-:d:72614
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roger D. Peng & Francesca Dominici & Thomas A. Louis, 2006. "Model choice in time series studies of air pollution and mortality," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 169(2), pages 179-203, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dongsheng Zhan & Mei-Po Kwan & Wenzhong Zhang & Shaojian Wang & Jianhui Yu, 2017. "Spatiotemporal Variations and Driving Factors of Air Pollution in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Gu, Haoran & Yang, Shenggang & Xu, Zhaoyi & Cheng, Cheng, 2023. "Supply chain finance, green innovation, and productivity: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).

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