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Occupational Stress, Work-Family Conflict and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Bank Employees: The Role of Psychological Capital

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  • Dan Kan

    (School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China)

  • Xiaosong Yu

    (School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
    Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China)

Abstract

Although depression is a major problem affecting the physical and mental health of the occupational population worldwide, little research is available among bank employees. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of occupational stress and work-family conflict on depressive symptoms and the mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap). A cross-sectional study was performed from May to June in 2013 in Liaoning province, China. The effort-reward imbalance (ERB) scale, the work-family conflict scale, the PsyCap questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale were completed by 1546 employees in state-owned banks. A total of 1239 effective respondents (467 men and 772 women) became our subjects. Hierarchical regression analysis was carried out to explore the effects of extrinsic effort, reward, overcommitment, work-family conflict, and PsyCap on depressive symptoms. The mediating role of PsyCap was examined using Preacher and Hayes’ asymptotic and resampling strategies. The mean score of depressive symptoms was 18.4 (SD = 7.6) among the Chinese bank employees. Extrinsic effort, overcommitment and work-family conflict were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Reward and PsyCap were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. The significant mediating roles of PsyCap in the associations of extrinsic effort (a*b = 0.046, BCa 95% CI: 0.029, 0.066) and reward (a*b = −0.047, BCa 95% CI: −0.065, −0.030) with depressive symptoms were revealed. There is a high level of depressive symptoms among Chinese bank employees. PsyCap partially mediates the effects of extrinsic effort and reward on depressive symptoms. Investing in PsyCap may provide new approaches to improve mental health among Chinese bank employees.

Suggested Citation

  • Dan Kan & Xiaosong Yu, 2016. "Occupational Stress, Work-Family Conflict and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Bank Employees: The Role of Psychological Capital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:1:p:134-:d:62322
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Junhui Hao & Di Wu & Li Liu & Xirui Li & Hui Wu, 2015. "Association between Work-Family Conflict and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Female Nurses: The Mediating and Moderating Role of Psychological Capital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Li, Jian & Yang, Wenjie & Cho, Sung-il, 2006. "Gender differences in job strain, effort-reward imbalance, and health functioning among Chinese physicians," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(5), pages 1066-1077, March.
    3. Xirui Li & Dan Kan & Li Liu & Meng Shi & Yang Wang & Xiaoshi Yang & Jiana Wang & Lie Wang & Hui Wu, 2015. "The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital on the Association between Occupational Stress and Job Burnout among Bank Employees in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Luthans, Fred & Luthans, Kyle W. & Luthans, Brett C., 2004. "Positive psychological capital: beyond human and social capital," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 45-50.
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    1. Guangdong Wu & Kaifeng Duan & Jian Zuo & Jianlin Yang & Shiping Wen, 2016. "System Dynamics Model and Simulation of Employee Work-Family Conflict in the Construction Industry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Mingjie Zhou & Jinfeng Zhang & Fugui Li & Chen Chen, 2020. "Work-Family Conflict and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Employees: Cross-Level Interaction of Organizational Justice Climate and Family Flexibility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Kuiyuan Qin & Zhaona Jia & Tianjiao Lu & Saifang Liu & Jijun Lan & Xuqun You & Yuan Li, 2021. "The Role of Work Engagement in the Association between Psychological Capital and Safety Citizenship Behavior in Coal Miners: A Mediation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-12, September.
    4. Junhui Hao & Jiana Wang & Li Liu & Wei Wu & Hui Wu, 2016. "Perceived Organizational Support Impacts on the Associations of Work-Family Conflict or Family-Work Conflict with Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Doctors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-13, March.

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