IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v17y2024i5p1167-d1349346.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Hybrid Energy Storage System Integrated with a Wave Energy Converter: Data-Driven Stochastic Power Management for Output Power Smoothing

Author

Listed:
  • Dario Pelosi

    (Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Federico Gallorini

    (VGA srl, Via Ugo Foscolo 1, 06053 Deruta, Italy)

  • Giacomo Alessandri

    (VGA srl, Via Ugo Foscolo 1, 06053 Deruta, Italy)

  • Linda Barelli

    (Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

Abstract

Beyond solar and wind energy, wave energy is gaining great interest due to its very high theoretical potential, although its stochastic nature causes intermittent and fluctuating power production. Energy storage system (ESS) integration to wave energy converter (WEC) plants represents a promising solution to mitigate this issue. To overcome the technological limits of the single storage devices, the hybridization of complementary ESSs represents an effective solution, extending the operating range over different timeframes. This paper analyzes the benefits of Li-ion battery–supercapacitor hybrid ESS integration into a grid-connected WEC, aiming at smoothing the produced power oscillations. The hybridization concept involves coupling a power-intensive technology, such as a supercapacitor devoted to managing fluctuations at higher frequency, with a battery technology exploited to manage power variations over longer timeframes to mitigate degradation issues. In this study, a multi-objective data-driven power management strategy, based on the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm, is implemented to minimize power fluctuations in terms of power ramp (representing the power variation between two consecutive values with a 1 s time step), both at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) and the Li-ion battery terminals, thanks to the supercapacitor peak-shaving function. The SPSA management strategy, together with a suitable sizing procedure, allows a reduction of more than 70% in the power oscillations at the PCC with respect to those at the WEC terminals, while decreasing battery stress by more than 25% if compared to a non-hybrid ESS consisting of a Li-ion battery. This shows how supercapacitor features can extend battery lifespan when integrated in a hybrid ESS.

Suggested Citation

  • Dario Pelosi & Federico Gallorini & Giacomo Alessandri & Linda Barelli, 2024. "A Hybrid Energy Storage System Integrated with a Wave Energy Converter: Data-Driven Stochastic Power Management for Output Power Smoothing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:5:p:1167-:d:1349346
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/5/1167/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/5/1167/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zahedi, A., 2011. "Maximizing solar PV energy penetration using energy storage technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 866-870, January.
    2. Linda Barelli & Gianni Bidini & Paolo Cherubini & Andrea Micangeli & Dario Pelosi & Carlo Tacconelli, 2019. "How Hybridization of Energy Storage Technologies Can Provide Additional Flexibility and Competitiveness to Microgrids in the Context of Developing Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-22, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Michael J. Fell & Alexandra Schneiders & David Shipworth, 2019. "Consumer Demand for Blockchain-Enabled Peer-to-Peer Electricity Trading in the United Kingdom: An Online Survey Experiment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-25, October.
    2. Razavi, Seyed-Ehsan & Rahimi, Ehsan & Javadi, Mohammad Sadegh & Nezhad, Ali Esmaeel & Lotfi, Mohamed & Shafie-khah, Miadreza & Catalão, João P.S., 2019. "Impact of distributed generation on protection and voltage regulation of distribution systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 157-167.
    3. Mostafa Ahmed & Mohamed Abdelrahem & Ibrahim Harbi & Ralph Kennel, 2020. "An Adaptive Model-Based MPPT Technique with Drift-Avoidance for Grid-Connected PV Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-25, December.
    4. Mahmud, Nasif & Zahedi, A., 2016. "Review of control strategies for voltage regulation of the smart distribution network with high penetration of renewable distributed generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 582-595.
    5. Wu, Yubo & Du, Jianqiang & Liu, Guangxin & Ma, Danzhu & Jia, Fengrui & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Jin, 2022. "A review of self-cleaning technology to reduce dust and ice accumulation in photovoltaic power generation using superhydrophobic coating," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1034-1061.
    6. Byuk-Keun Jo & Gilsoo Jang, 2019. "An Evaluation of the Effect on the Expansion of Photovoltaic Power Generation According to Renewable Energy Certificates on Energy Storage Systems: A Case Study of the Korean Renewable Energy Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-17, August.
    7. Burger, Scott P. & Luke, Max, 2017. "Business models for distributed energy resources: A review and empirical analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 230-248.
    8. Gul, Eid & Baldinelli, Giorgio & Bartocci, Pietro & Bianchi, Francesco & Domenghini, Piergiovanni & Cotana, Franco & Wang, Jinwen, 2022. "A techno-economic analysis of a solar PV and DC battery storage system for a community energy sharing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    9. Gustavo Fernandes de Negreiros & Fábio Xavier Lobo & Igor Cavalcante Torres & Chigueru Tiba, 2023. "Impact on Voltage Regulation in Medium Voltage Distribution Networks Due to the Insertion of Photovoltaic Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, January.
    10. Kanyarusoke, Kant E. & Gryzagoridis, Jasson & Oliver, Graeme, 2016. "Re-mapping sub-Sahara Africa for equipment selection to photo electrify energy poor homes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 240-250.
    11. John Foster & Liam Wagner & Liam Byrnes, 2014. "A Review of Distributed Generation for Rural and Remote Area Electrification," Energy Economics and Management Group Working Papers 3-2014, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
    12. Leon Fidele Nishimwe H. & Sung-Guk Yoon, 2021. "Combined Optimal Planning and Operation of a Fast EV-Charging Station Integrated with Solar PV and ESS," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.
    13. Toroghi, Shahaboddin H. & Oliver, Matthew E., 2019. "Framework for estimation of the direct rebound effect for residential photovoltaic systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    14. Martin, Nigel & Rice, John, 2021. "Power outages, climate events and renewable energy: Reviewing energy storage policy and regulatory options for Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    15. Arash Khalilnejad & Aditya Sundararajan & Alireza Abbaspour & Arif Sarwat, 2016. "Optimal Operation of Combined Photovoltaic Electrolyzer Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-12, April.
    16. Gabriel Andres Rojas Cardenas & Rahmat Khezri & Amin Mahmoudi & Solmaz Kahourzadeh, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Remote Microgrids with Multi-Size Split-Diesel Generators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-25, March.
    17. Oderinwale, Temitayo & McInnes, Colin R., 2022. "Enhancing solar energy generation and usage: Orbiting solar reflectors as alternative to energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    18. Karkaba, H. & Etienne, L. & Pelay, U. & Russeil, S. & Simo tala, J. & Boonaert, J. & Lecoeuche, S. & Bougeard, D., 2023. "Performance improvement of air cooled photo-voltaic thermal panel using economic model predictive control and vortex generators," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    19. Bennett, Jeffrey A. & Fuhrman, Jay & Brown, Tyler & Andrews, Nathan & Fittro, Roger & Clarens, Andres F., 2019. "Feasibility of Using sCO2 Turbines to Balance Load in Power Grids with a High Deployment of Solar Generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 548-560.
    20. Khalid, Muhammad & Ahmadi, Abdollah & Savkin, Andrey V. & Agelidis, Vassilios G., 2016. "Minimizing the energy cost for microgrids integrated with renewable energy resources and conventional generation using controlled battery energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 646-655.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:5:p:1167-:d:1349346. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.