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Innovative Approaches to Bridging Energy Supply and Demand Gaps Through Thermal Energy Storage: A Case Study

Author

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  • Michal Gorás

    (Institute of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Ján Domanický

    (Institute of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Daniela Káposztásová

    (Center of Research and Innovation in Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • František Vranay

    (Institute of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Zuzana Vranayová

    (Institute of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia)

Abstract

This study investigates innovative solutions for balancing energy supply and demand using long-term thermal energy storage (TES) systems, with a focus on tank thermal energy storage (TTES) for European buildings, which account for approximately 40% of energy consumption in the European Union. Research conducted at the Technical University of Košice explores the potential of TTES systems for efficient and long-term energy storage. The accumulation is carried out in three existing underground tanks of different volumes. Among various outputs, we present the cooling process resulting from covering the water surface and the effect of tank size on cooling. The findings indicate that covering the water surface in the tanks can effectively double the energy retention time, thereby extending the cooling period. A tank with a larger volume cools slower and better ensures the formation of temperature layers. Temperature layering allows for better utilization of the tanks’ potential in terms of energy. The overall result is a significant reduction in heat losses and CO₂ emissions. These results demonstrate the critical role of TTES in stabilizing renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, to support sustainable energy solutions in buildings by providing reliable and long-term energy storage.

Suggested Citation

  • Michal Gorás & Ján Domanický & Daniela Káposztásová & František Vranay & Zuzana Vranayová, 2024. "Innovative Approaches to Bridging Energy Supply and Demand Gaps Through Thermal Energy Storage: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:23:p:6197-:d:1539521
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kevin Sartor, 2017. "Simulation Models to Size and Retrofit District Heating Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Michael Lanahan & Paulo Cesar Tabares-Velasco, 2017. "Seasonal Thermal-Energy Storage: A Critical Review on BTES Systems, Modeling, and System Design for Higher System Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-24, May.
    3. Novo, Amaya V. & Bayon, Joseba R. & Castro-Fresno, Daniel & Rodriguez-Hernandez, Jorge, 2010. "Review of seasonal heat storage in large basins: Water tanks and gravel-water pits," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 390-397, February.
    4. Zhang, Liang & Xu, Peng & Mao, Jiachen & Tang, Xu & Li, Zhengwei & Shi, Jianguo, 2015. "A low cost seasonal solar soil heat storage system for greenhouse heating: Design and pilot study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 213-222.
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    1. Samuel Moveh & Emmanuel Alejandro Merchán-Cruz & Ahmed Osman Ibrahim & Zeinab Abdallah Mohammed Elhassan & Nada Mohamed Ramadan Abdelhai & Mona Dafalla Abdelrazig, 2025. "Thermodynamic Optimization of Building HVAC Systems Through Dynamic Modeling and Advanced Machine Learning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-28, February.

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