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An Assessment of the Performance and Emissions of an Otto Power Generator Group Operating with Wet Ethanol at a High Volumetric Compression Ratio

Author

Listed:
  • Vinícius Guerra Moreira

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

  • Sérgio de Morais Hanriot

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

  • Tales Nazareno

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

  • Bruno Eustáquio Pires Ferreira

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

  • Rafael Motter Juliatti

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

  • Hairton Júnior José da Silveira

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

  • Cristiana Brasil Maia

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifical Catholica University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30535-901, Brazil)

Abstract

This work presents an experimental study of the performance and emissions of an internal combustion engine operating in the Otto cycle with a high volumetric compression ratio (17:1). The engine was initially fueled with the standard ethanol used in Brazil, with 7% distilled water (E93W07); we then studied the effects of using different ethanol-in-water mixtures, or ‘wet ethanol’, with 17%, 27%, 37%, and 47% distilled water concentrations. The tests were carried out with power loads of 5.0–25.0 kW at 5.0 kW intervals and with power loads of 27.5–35.0 kW at 2.5 kW intervals, whether by adding up the loads or by taking them away. The ignition timing was changed to evaluate each load imposed on the engine to avoid knocking. Specific fuel consumption (SFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), carbon dioxide emissions (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and total hydrocarbon content (THC), as well as the internal pressure in the cylinder and the heat release rate, were measured, and the results are compared. The results show a reduction in CO and NO x and an increase in THC emissions. However, there were no significant changes in CO 2 emissions when the distilled water percentage in ethanol increased. Regarding the brake thermal efficiency, it was observed that it remained approximately constant for all blends, with the same load being applied to the engine shaft, reaching a maximum value of 35%. The results obtained confirm the technical feasibility of operating an internal combustion engine in the Otto cycle with a high volumetric compression ratio using ethanol with up to 47% distilled water without significant loss of performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Vinícius Guerra Moreira & Sérgio de Morais Hanriot & Tales Nazareno & Bruno Eustáquio Pires Ferreira & Rafael Motter Juliatti & Hairton Júnior José da Silveira & Cristiana Brasil Maia, 2024. "An Assessment of the Performance and Emissions of an Otto Power Generator Group Operating with Wet Ethanol at a High Volumetric Compression Ratio," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:23:p:6187-:d:1539163
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rahimi Boldaji, Mozhgan & Gainey, Brian & Lawler, Benjamin, 2019. "Thermally stratified compression ignition enabled by wet ethanol with a split injection strategy: A CFD simulation study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 813-826.
    2. Gainey, Brian & Gohn, James & Hariharan, Deivanayagam & Rahimi-Boldaji, Mozhgan & Lawler, Benjamin, 2020. "Assessing the impact of injector included angle and piston geometry on thermally stratified compression ignition with wet ethanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    3. Koupaie, Mohammadmohsen Moslemin & Cairns, Alasdair & Vafamehr, Hassan & Lanzanova, Thompson Diordinis Metzka, 2019. "A study of hydrous ethanol combustion in an optical central direct injection spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 258-269.
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