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Trace Elements in Maize Biomass Used to Phyto-Stabilise Iron-Contaminated Soils for Energy Production

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  • Mirosław Wyszkowski

    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Łódzki 4 Sq., 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Natalia Kordala

    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Łódzki 4 Sq., 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the feasibility of using maize biomass for the phyto-stabilisation of iron-contaminated soils under conditions involving the application of humic acids (HAs). The biomass yield content of maize trace elements was analysed. In the absence of HAs, the first dose of Fe-stimulated plant biomass growth was compared to the absence of Fe contamination. The highest soil Fe contamination resulted in a very large reduction in maize biomass yield, with a maximum of 93%. The addition of HAs had a positive effect on plant biomass, with a maximum of 53%, and reduced the negative effect of Fe. There was an almost linear increase in maize biomass yield with increasing doses of HAs. Analogous changes were observed in dry matter content in maize. Soil treatment with Fe caused a significant increase in its content in maize biomass, with a maximum increase of three times in the series without HAs. There was also a decrease in Co, Cr and Cd content (by 17%, 21% and 44%, respectively) and an increase in Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Mn accumulation (by 32%, 63%, 75%, 97% and 203%, respectively). The application of HAs to the soil reduced the content of this trace element and its growth in the biomass of this plant under the influence of Fe contamination. They had a similar effect on other trace elements contained in the maize biomass. HAs contributed to a decrease in the level of most of the tested trace elements (except Ni and Pb) in the maize biomass. The reduction ranged from 11% (Cr and Mn) to 72% (Cd). The accumulation of Ni and Pb in the maize biomass was higher in the objects with HAs application than in the series without their addition. Humic acid application is a promising method for the reduction of the effects of soil Fe contamination on plants.

Suggested Citation

  • Mirosław Wyszkowski & Natalia Kordala, 2024. "Trace Elements in Maize Biomass Used to Phyto-Stabilise Iron-Contaminated Soils for Energy Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:12:p:2839-:d:1411591
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mirosław Wyszkowski & Natalia Kordala & Marzena S. Brodowska, 2023. "Trace Element Content in Soils with Nitrogen Fertilisation and Humic Acids Addition," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Tomasz Kalak, 2023. "Potential Use of Industrial Biomass Waste as a Sustainable Energy Source in the Future," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-25, February.
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