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Fast Pyrolysis of Tea Bush, Walnut Shell, and Pine Cone Mixture: Effect of Pyrolysis Parameters on Pyrolysis Crop Yields

Author

Listed:
  • Turgay Kar

    (Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Türkiye)

  • Ömer Kaygusuz

    (Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Giresun University, 28200 Giresun, Türkiye)

  • Mükrimin Şevket Güney

    (Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Giresun University, 28200 Giresun, Türkiye)

  • Erdem Cuce

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Zihni Derin Campus, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Türkiye
    School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK)

  • Sedat Keleş

    (Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Türkiye)

  • Saboor Shaik

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India)

  • Abdulhameed Babatunde Owolabi

    (Regional Leading Research Center for Smart Energy System, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea
    Department of Convergence and Fusion System Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea)

  • Benyoh Emmanuel Kigha Nsafon

    (Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Change, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea)

  • Johnson Makinwa Ogunsua

    (Postharvest Engineering Research Department, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria)

  • Jeung-Soo Huh

    (Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Change, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Liquid products obtained by the fast pyrolysis process applied to biomass can be used as chemical raw materials and liquid fuels. In this study, tea bush, walnut shell, and pine cone samples selected as biomass samples were obtained from Trabzon and Rize provinces in the Eastern Black Sea Region and used. When considered in terms of our region, the available biomass waste samples are easy to access and have a high potential in quantity. To employ them in the experimental investigation, these biomass samples were first ground, sieved to a particle size of 1.0 mm, and mixed. A fast pyrolysis process was applied to this obtained biomass mixture in a fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor. The effects of temperature, heating rate, and nitrogen flow rate on the product yields of the fast pyrolysis technique used on the biomass mixture are examined. A constant particle size of 1.0 mm, temperatures of 300, 400, 500, 600, and 750 °C, heating rates of 100, 250, 400, and 600 °C.min −1 , and flow rates of 50, 100, 200, and 300 cm 3 .min −1 were used in tests on fast pyrolysis. The studies showed the 500 °C pyrolysis temperature, 100 °C min −1 heating rate, and 50 cm 3 .min −1 nitrogen flow rate gave the maximum liquid product yield. The liquid product generated under the most compelling circumstances is analyzed to determine moisture, calorific value, fixed carbon, ash, raw coke, and volatile matter. Additionally, the crude bio-oil heating value, measured at 5900 cal/g and produced under the most favorable pyrolysis circumstances, rose by around 40% compared to its starting material. The liquid product obtained from rapid pyrolysis experiments can be used as liquid fuel. The evaluation of the potential of chemical raw materials can be a subject of research in a different discipline since there are many chemical raw materials (glycerine, furfurals, cellulose and derivatives, carbonaceous materials, and so forth) in fast pyrolysis liquids.

Suggested Citation

  • Turgay Kar & Ömer Kaygusuz & Mükrimin Şevket Güney & Erdem Cuce & Sedat Keleş & Saboor Shaik & Abdulhameed Babatunde Owolabi & Benyoh Emmanuel Kigha Nsafon & Johnson Makinwa Ogunsua & Jeung-Soo Huh, 2023. "Fast Pyrolysis of Tea Bush, Walnut Shell, and Pine Cone Mixture: Effect of Pyrolysis Parameters on Pyrolysis Crop Yields," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13718-:d:1239839
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Bo & Xu, Fanfan & Zong, Peijie & Zhang, Jinhong & Tian, Yuanyu & Qiao, Yingyun, 2019. "Effects of heating rate on fast pyrolysis behavior and product distribution of Jerusalem artichoke stalk by using TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 486-496.
    2. Tomasz Kalak, 2023. "Potential Use of Industrial Biomass Waste as a Sustainable Energy Source in the Future," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-25, February.
    3. Williams, Paul T. & Besler, Serpil, 1996. "The influence of temperature and heating rate on the slow pyrolysis of biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 233-250.
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