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Techno-Economic and Environmental Analyses of an Integrated Liquefied Natural Gas/Allam–Fetvedt Cycle/Air Separation Unit Complex

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel Chen

    (Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA)

  • Pawanahamsa Shetty

    (Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA)

  • Song Wang

    (Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA
    Current address: Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.)

  • Veeracharyulu Nellipudi

    (Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA)

  • Fuad Aziz

    (Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA
    Current address: TotalEnergies Port Arthur Refinery, Port Arthur, TX 77642, USA.)

  • Qiang Xu

    (Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA)

  • Gevorg Sargsyan

    (Department of Economics and Finance, College of Business, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710, USA)

Abstract

The natural gas (NG)-powered compressors/engines used in liquified natural gas (LNG) plants are a major source of methane emission. The Allam–Fetvedt cycle (AFC), an oxyfuel, carbon-neutral, high-efficiency power plant, generates pipeline-grade CO 2 . This work performed novel process modeling, economic analysis, and greenhouse gas emissions analysis for a heat-integrated, electrified LNG/AFC/air separation unit (ASU) complex (LAA), then compared it to standalone LNG and AFC/ASU plants (baseline) as well as an LNG plant electrified with AFC/ASU without heat integration. The low-grade heat generated from compressors of the LNG plant can enhance the AFC net power output by 7.1%. Utilizing the nitrogens cold energy reduces the compressor power requirement by 1.6%. In the integrated LAA complex, not only are GHG emissions avoided, but the energy efficiencies are also improved for both the LNG plant and the AFC power plant. A cash flow analysis of LAA was performed over a 20-year period with 5%, 7%, and 10% discount rates and three levels of LNG prices. The 45Q CO 2 credit of USD 85/T as stipulated by the recent Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 has been incorporated. The results clearly indicate the economic and environmental benefits of the proposed electrification and heat/power integration.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Chen & Pawanahamsa Shetty & Song Wang & Veeracharyulu Nellipudi & Fuad Aziz & Qiang Xu & Gevorg Sargsyan, 2024. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Analyses of an Integrated Liquefied Natural Gas/Allam–Fetvedt Cycle/Air Separation Unit Complex," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-20, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:11:p:2663-:d:1405656
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Kurle, Yogesh M. & Wang, Sujing & Xu, Qiang, 2015. "Simulation study on boil-off gas minimization and recovery strategies at LNG exporting terminals," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 628-641.
    3. Lefley, Frank, 1996. "The payback method of investment appraisal: A review and synthesis," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 207-224, July.
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