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Start of Injection Influence on In-Cylinder Fuel Distribution, Engine Performance and Emission Characteristic in a RCCI Marine Engine

Author

Listed:
  • Alireza Kakoee

    (Efficient Powertrain Solutions (EPS), School of Technology and Innovation, University of Vaasa, Yliopistonranta 10, FI-65200 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Maciej Mikulski

    (Efficient Powertrain Solutions (EPS), School of Technology and Innovation, University of Vaasa, Yliopistonranta 10, FI-65200 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Aneesh Vasudev

    (Efficient Powertrain Solutions (EPS), School of Technology and Innovation, University of Vaasa, Yliopistonranta 10, FI-65200 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Martin Axelsson

    (Engine Research and Technology Development at Wärtsilä Marine Solutions, FI-65101 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Jari Hyvönen

    (Engine Research and Technology Development at Wärtsilä Marine Solutions, FI-65101 Vaasa, Finland)

  • Mohammad Mahdi Salahi

    (Machine and Vehicle Design (MVD), Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland)

  • Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari

    (Machine and Vehicle Design (MVD), Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland)

Abstract

Reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) is a promising new combustion technology for marine applications. It has offered the potential to achieve low NO x emissions and high thermal efficiency, which are both important considerations for marine engines. However, the performance of RCCI engines is sensitive to a number of factors, including the start of injection. This study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the effects of start of ignition (SOI) on the performance of a marine RCCI engine. The CFD model was validated against experimental data, and the results showed that the SOI has a significant impact on the combustion process. In particular, the SOI affected the distribution of fuel and air in the combustion chamber, which in turn affected the rate of heat release and the formation of pollutants. Ten different SOIs were implemented on a validated closed-loop CFD model from 96 to 42 CAD bTDC (crank angle degree before top dead center) at six-degree intervals. A chemical kinetic mechanism of 54 species and 269 reactions tuned and used for simulation of in-cylinder combustion. The results show that in early injection, high-reactivity fuel was distributed close to the liner. This distribution was around the center of late injection angles. A homogeneity study was carried out to investigate the local equivalence ratio. It showed a more homogenous mixture in early injection until 66 CAD bTDC, after which point, earlier injection timing had no effect on homogeneity. Maximum indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) was achieved at SOI 48 CAD bTDC, and minimum amounts of THC (total hydrocarbons) and NO x were observed with middle injection timing angles around 66 CAD bTDC.

Suggested Citation

  • Alireza Kakoee & Maciej Mikulski & Aneesh Vasudev & Martin Axelsson & Jari Hyvönen & Mohammad Mahdi Salahi & Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari, 2024. "Start of Injection Influence on In-Cylinder Fuel Distribution, Engine Performance and Emission Characteristic in a RCCI Marine Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-25, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:10:p:2370-:d:1394413
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nazemi, M. & Shahbakhti, M., 2016. "Modeling and analysis of fuel injection parameters for combustion and performance of an RCCI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 135-150.
    2. Molina, S. & García, A. & Pastor, J.M. & Belarte, E. & Balloul, I., 2015. "Operating range extension of RCCI combustion concept from low to full load in a heavy-duty engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 211-227.
    3. Ma, Shuaiying & Zheng, Zunqing & Liu, Haifeng & Zhang, Quanchang & Yao, Mingfa, 2013. "Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel injection strategy on gasoline/diesel dual-fuel combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 202-212.
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