IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i7p2963-d1105887.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Simple Loss Model of Battery Cables for Fast Transient Thermal Simulation

Author

Listed:
  • Emanuele Fedele

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Luigi Pio Di Noia

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

  • Renato Rizzo

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy)

Abstract

In electric vehicles, currents with high-frequency ripples flow in the power cabling system due to the switching operation of power converters. Inside the cables, a strong coupling between the thermal and electromagnetic phenomena exists, since the temperature and Alternating Current (AC) density distributions in the strands affect each other. Due to the different time scales of magnetic and heat flow problems, the computational cost of Finite Element Method (FEM) numeric solvers can be excessive. This paper derives a simple analytical model to calculate the total losses of a multi-stranded cable carrying a Direct Current (DC) affected by a high-frequency ripple. The expression of the equivalent AC cable resistance at a generic frequency and temperature is derived from the general treatment of multi-stranded multi-layer windings. When employed to predict the temperature evolution in the cable, the analytical model prevents the use of complex FEM models in which multiple heat flow and magnetic simulations have to be run iteratively. The results obtained for the heating curve of a 35 mm 2 stranded cable show that the derived model matches the output of the coupled FEM simulation with an error below 1%, whereas the simple DC loss model of the cable gives an error of 2.4%. While yielding high accuracy, the proposed model significantly reduces the computational burden of the thermal simulation by a factor of four with respect to the complete FEM routine.

Suggested Citation

  • Emanuele Fedele & Luigi Pio Di Noia & Renato Rizzo, 2023. "Simple Loss Model of Battery Cables for Fast Transient Thermal Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:7:p:2963-:d:1105887
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/7/2963/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/7/2963/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bartosz Rozegnał & Paweł Albrechtowicz & Dominik Mamcarz & Monika Rerak & Maciej Skaza, 2021. "The Power Losses in Cable Lines Supplying Nonlinear Loads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Ioan-Sorin Sorlei & Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong & Mihai Varlam & Elena Carcadea & Mihai Culcer & Mariana Iliescu & Mircea Raceanu, 2021. "Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-29, January.
    3. Artur Cywiński & Krzysztof Chwastek, 2021. "A Multiphysics Analysis of Coupled Electromagnetic-Thermal Phenomena in Cable Lines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-20, April.
    4. Athinarayanan Balasankar & Sathya Elango Arthiya & Subramaniyan Ramasundaram & Paramasivam Sumathi & Selvaraj Arokiyaraj & Taehwan Oh & Kanakaraj Aruchamy & Ganesan Sriram & Mahaveer D. Kurkuri, 2022. "Recent Advances in the Preparation and Performance of Porous Titanium-Based Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-16, December.
    5. Diana Enescu & Pietro Colella & Angela Russo, 2020. "Thermal Assessment of Power Cables and Impacts on Cable Current Rating: An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-36, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Menglin & Yin, Long & Yan, Mei & Wu, Jingda & He, Hongwe & Jia, Chunchun, 2024. "Hierarchical intelligent energy-saving control strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric buses based on traffic flow predictions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    2. Bogdan Perka & Karol Piwowarski, 2021. "A Method for Determining the Impact of Ambient Temperature on an Electrical Cable during a Fire," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Hossein Shayeghi & Ali Seifi & Majid Hosseinpour & Nicu Bizon, 2022. "Developing a Generalized Multi-Level Inverter with Reduced Number of Power Electronics Components," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, May.
    4. Georgios Varvoutis & Athanasios Lampropoulos & Evridiki Mandela & Michalis Konsolakis & George E. Marnellos, 2022. "Recent Advances on CO 2 Mitigation Technologies: On the Role of Hydrogenation Route via Green H 2," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-38, June.
    5. Costa, C.M. & Barbosa, J.C. & Castro, H. & Gonçalves, R. & Lanceros-Méndez, S., 2021. "Electric vehicles: To what extent are environmentally friendly and cost effective? – Comparative study by european countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    6. Tomasz Szczegielniak & Dariusz Kusiak & Paweł Jabłoński, 2021. "Thermal Analysis of the Medium Voltage Cable," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-17, July.
    7. Feng Guo & Jian Li & Chi Zhang & Yizhi Zhu & Caiyang Yu & Qingsong Wang & Giuseppe Buja, 2023. "Optimized Power and Capacity Configuration Strategy of a Grid-Side Energy Storage System for Peak Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-13, July.
    8. Damien Guilbert & Gianpaolo Vitale, 2021. "Hydrogen as a Clean and Sustainable Energy Vector for Global Transition from Fossil-Based to Zero-Carbon," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-29, December.
    9. Enyong Xu & Mengcheng Ma & Weiguang Zheng & Qibai Huang, 2023. "An Energy Management Strategy for Fuel-Cell Hybrid Commercial Vehicles Based on Adaptive Model Prediction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-20, May.
    10. Jong-Wook Kim & Heungju Ahn & Hyeon Cheol Seo & Sang Cheol Lee, 2022. "Optimization of Solar/Fuel Cell Hybrid Energy System Using the Combinatorial Dynamic Encoding Algorithm for Searches (cDEAS)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, April.
    11. Matthieu Matignon & Toufik Azib & Mehdi Mcharek & Ahmed Chaibet & Adriano Ceschia, 2023. "Real-Time Integrated Energy Management Strategy Applied to Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-21, March.
    12. Vediyappan Thirumal & T. V. M. Sreekanth & Kisoo Yoo & Jinho Kim, 2023. "Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon and Nitrogen-Sulfur Co-Doped Graphene for High-Performance Symmetric Sodium Ion Capacitor Devices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.
    13. Abdulgader Alsharif & Chee Wei Tan & Razman Ayop & Ahmed Al Smin & Abdussalam Ali Ahmed & Farag Hamed Kuwil & Mohamed Mohamed Khaleel, 2023. "Impact of Electric Vehicle on Residential Power Distribution Considering Energy Management Strategy and Stochastic Monte Carlo Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, January.
    14. Shantanu Pardhi & Sajib Chakraborty & Dai-Duong Tran & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Steven Wilkins & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-55, December.
    15. Grzegorz Karoń, 2022. "Energy in Smart Urban Transportation with Systemic Use of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-5, August.
    16. Wang, Aijia & Wang, Junqi & Zhang, Ruijun & Cao, Shi-Jie, 2024. "Mitigating urban heat and air pollution considering green and transportation infrastructure," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    17. Tino Vidović & Ivan Tolj & Gojmir Radica & Natalia Bodrožić Ćoko, 2022. "Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Balance of Plant and Performance Simulation for Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-14, October.
    18. Stanislaw Czapp & Filip Ratkowski, 2021. "Optimization of Thermal Backfill Configurations for Desired High-Voltage Power Cables Ampacity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-14, March.
    19. Giuseppe De Lorenzo & Francesco Piraino & Francesco Longo & Giovanni Tinè & Valeria Boscaino & Nicola Panzavecchia & Massimo Caccia & Petronilla Fragiacomo, 2022. "Modelling and Performance Analysis of an Autonomous Marine Vehicle Powered by a Fuel Cell Hybrid Powertrain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-21, September.
    20. Changqing Du & Shiyang Huang & Yuyao Jiang & Dongmei Wu & Yang Li, 2022. "Optimization of Energy Management Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Dynamic Programming," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-25, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:7:p:2963-:d:1105887. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.